【作者】 高寿华；

【导师】 严建苗；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 国际贸易， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 20世纪70年代以来,在经济全球化和技术进步的推动下,产品内分工已成为国际分工的主流形式之一,以零配件和半成品为主要对象的中间投入品贸易成为国际贸易的主要方式。通过产品内国际分工和中间产品贸易,发达国家和发展中国家专业于生产贸易链上不同环节和不同零部件的生产,并对国内就业结构、收入分配产生了实质性的影响。中国作为发展中大国,主要以加工贸易方式参与产品内国际分工,并成为世界性的生产加工和贸易基地。本文以中国的制造业为研究对象,探索在贸易开放条件下,产品内分工对制造业收入分配的影响。围绕产品内分工与收入分配,论文的主体内容主要分为三大部分:首先,在梳理国内外学者有关贸易的收入分配效应的基础上,分析了古典贸易理论和新贸易理论在解释收入分配方面的合理性和局限性。同时,本论文认为国际分工模式已发生了重大变化,产业间和产业内分工的形式逐渐向产品内分工模式过渡。因此,研究国际贸易的收入分配效应,分析现代国际分工模式的转变和现状是关键因素。在此基础上,论文回顾了国内外学者对产品内国际分工和中间产品贸易以及中间投入品贸易的收入分配效应研究的相关成果。其次,在上述理论研究的基础上,利用历年中国统计年鉴和劳动年鉴公布的统计数据,从中国对外贸易方式结构、中国制造业的发展现状以及中国制造业工人的就业和工资水平四个方面,对中国制造业的产品内贸易和收入分配情况进行了较为系统的分析。最后,论文通过建立计量模型,对中国制造业中间投入品贸易对收入分配影响进行实证分析。论文得出的结论为:基于产品内分工的中间投入品的出口将降低技术工人的相对工资水平,中间投入品的进口会提高技术工人的相对工资水平。基于研究结论,论文最后提出在产品内分工条件下,抑制和缩小技术工人与非技术工人相对收入差距的政策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The last three decades has witnessed the emergency of intra-product specialization as one of the important forms of labor division, and the drastic growth of trade in intermediate products under the economic globalization and technological process. Via intra-product specialization and intermediate goods trade, countries have been specializing in the specific process and parts and components in the chain of production and trade, which has affected their employment structure and income distribution. China has participated in the intra-product division in the form of processing trade and has become the centre of world processing. The paper takes the manufacturing industry as the subject and study the effect of intra-product specialization on the income distribution of China’s manufacturing industry.This paper focuses on the intra-product specialization and income distribution, consisting of three parts: first, based on the theories of previous works on the effect of trade on income distribution, the paper analyzes the rationality and limitation of classic trade and new trade theory in the aspect of explaining income distribution. The paper also holds the view that the model of international specialization has experienced the transition from inter-industry and intra-industry division to intra-product division. So the key factor in studying international trade’s effect on income distribution is to analyze the transition of modern international division. Based on this, the paper reviews the relative study achievements on intra-product specialization, intermediate inputs trade and its effect on income distribution. Second, based on the theories referred above, the paper uses statistics to give a systematic analysis on the intra-product trade and income distribution of China’s manufacturing industry from four aspects: the mode structure of China’s foreign trade, the current situation and the employment and income level of China’s manufacturing industry. Through building a calculating model, the paper carries out empirical analysis gains such a conclusion: the import and export of intermediate inputs will decrease and increase the relative income level of skilled workers respectively. In the end, the paper comes up with the policy suggestions to control the relative income distribution gap.更多还原