藜芦与西洋参“相反”配伍关系的实验研究

【作者】 龚雪；

【导师】 王建；

【作者基本信息】 成都中医药大学 ， 中药学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:探索西洋参与藜芦配伍是否存在“相反”的配伍关系。方法:①采用传统水煎法和酸煎醇提法提取藜芦与西洋参受试药液。②采用改良寇氏法考察了藜芦、西洋参以及藜芦配西洋参1:1组（简称配伍组）的急性毒性。③采用分光光度法测定其对小鼠血清肝肾功（GPT、BUN）的影响。④采用颈动脉直接测压法结合生物信号记录系统考察其对大鼠血压、心电、呼吸的影响。⑤采用半固体糊精法考察二者对小鼠胃排空、小肠推进的影响。⑥采用家鸽实验观测其对家鸽诱发呕吐的影响。结果:①传统水煎法提取的藜芦、西洋参及其配伍组均未能测出LD₅₀;而酸煎醇提法提取的藜芦组测得LD₅₀可信限为6.4±1.1g/kg,配伍组的LD₅₀为7.2±1.3g/kg。②藜芦组、配伍组均能显著升高小鼠血清GPT和BUN含量（P＜0.05）,二者之间无显著性差异（P＞0.05）:而西洋参组对小鼠GPT、BUN则无明显影响（P＞0.05）。③藜芦组、配伍组均能极显著诱发家鸽呕吐（P＜0.01）,且二者之间无显著性差异（P＞0.05）;空白组与西洋参组对家鸽未呈现催吐作用（P＞0.05）。④藜芦组、配伍组均能极显著抑制小鼠胃排空和抑制小肠推进（P＜0.01）,且二者之间无显著性差异（P＞0.05）;而西洋参对胃肠动力无明显影响（P＞0.05）。⑤藜芦组、配伍组在给药后30分钟至90分钟时对正常麻醉大鼠的收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）及平均压（MP）均有降低的趋势;而西洋参组有增加大鼠呼吸频率、升高呼吸幅度趋势;藜芦组、配伍组也有升高大鼠呼吸幅度的趋势,但均无统计学意义。于给药后45分钟至90分钟段,与空白组比较,配伍组能显著增加心率（P＜0.05）;给药后60分钟至90分钟段,藜芦组能显著增快心率（P＜0.05）;给药后75分钟至90分钟段,西洋参组能显著增快心率（P＜0.05）。各给药组对正常麻醉大鼠心电生理均无显著影响（P＞0.05）。结论:①酸煎醇提单味藜芦、西洋参与藜芦1:1配伍均呈现较明显的急性毒性,并导致肝肾功障碍,也能抑制胃肠运动,还能催吐。②单味藜芦与西洋参配藜芦组比较,各实验数据无显著性差异,表明配伍西洋参后,并未增加藜芦毒性,也未降低其催吐效应。③而西洋参未呈现明显毒性,对小鼠肝肾功、胃肠运动均无显著影响,也未引起呕吐;但能增加呼吸频率。各给药组均能显著加快心率。初步提示:西洋参与藜芦配伍并未增毒,即未呈现“相反”的配伍关系,故将其纳入“十八反”配伍禁忌的依据还不充分,尚待深入探索。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To explore whether there is contrary relation between west ginseng and hellebore.Method:①using the following two methods to prepare west ginseng and hellebore test medicine liquids:traditional water-boiled method and acetic acid-boiled/alcohol-extracted method;②using improved Koushi method to obtain acute toxicity of hellebore,west ginseng and cooperative（1:1） groups;③using spectrophotometry to investigate the impact on mouse serum liver/kidney functions（GPT/BUN）;④measuring carotid blood pressure directly combined with biological signal recording system to investigate the impact on blood pressure,cardiogram and respiratory of rats;⑤using semi-solid dextrin method to investigate the impact on gastric emptying and small intestine promotion motion on mice;⑥investigating the impact on vomiting pigeons.Results:①LD₅₀ of said three groups are not obtained by traditional water-boiled method.LD₅₀ of hellebore group is 6.4±1.1g/kg.LD₅₀ of west ginseng/hellebore 1:1 cooperative group is 7.2±1.3g/kg.There is no significant difference（P＞0.05） between them.②GPT/BUN levels can be significantly increased（P＜0.05） in hellebore group and cooperative group.There is no significant difference（P＞0.05） between them.GPT/BUN is not significantly changed（P＞0.05） in west ginseng group.③Pigeons vomit extremely significantly（P＜0.01） in hellebore group and cooperative group.No significant difference（P＞0.05） between them.④Gastric emptying motion and small intestine promotion motion are inhibited extremely significantly（P＜0.01） in hellebore group and cooperative group.No significant difference（P＞0.05） between them.West ginseng has no significant effect（P＞0.05） on gastrointestinal motion.⑤30-90min after administration,SBP, DBP and MP are reduced in hellebore group and cooperative group. Respiratory rate and amplitude are increased in west ginseng group, hellebore group and cooperative group.45-90min after administration,cooperative group can significantly increase heart rate（P＜0.05）.60-90min,hellebore group can significantly increase heart rate（P＜0.05）.75-90min,west ginseng group can significantly increase heart rate（P＜0.05）.No significant impact （P＞0.05） on normal cardiac electrophysiology.Conclusion:①Obvious acute toxicity represents in medicine liquid via acetic acid-boiled/alcohol-extracted method.②there is not obvious difference（P＞0.05） between hellebore group and cooperative group.③There is not significant toxicity on liver/kidney function and gastrointestinal motion by west ginseng. It does not cause vomiting,but increases respiratory rate and heart rate.Each group can increases heart rate.It is indicated that toxicity is not incrased in cooperative group, that is,no contrary relation represented between west ginseng and hellebore.It still needs to explore whether or not the relation of them belongs to Shibafan.更多还原