【作者】 董正岩；

【导师】 陈吉光；

【作者基本信息】 大连交通大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 底座是连续挤压机的主要承载部件。企业考虑安全因素,在结构设计中选取过大的安全系数。随着连续挤压机产量愈来愈大,很显然,过大的安全系数会造成钢材的浪费,同时造成整机形体庞大,不便运送,因此对于连续挤压机底座结构的优化显得非常必要。文本借助有限元分析软件ANSYS对底座结构进行分析和优化。首先运用Pro/E建立了TLJ400连续挤压机底座的三维几何模型,再导入到ANSYS,建立底座的有限元模型,完成了正常工作情况下的有限元静力分析,掌握其应力与变形的分布情况,在分析计算结果的基础上,提出结构改进方案并对其进行了验证计算,使得优化后的结构在强度和刚度上有很大的提高。在模拟计算的同时,进行了TLJ400连续挤压机底座的静、动态强度试验。比较计算结果和试验结果,修正计算模型,使有限元模型尽量和实际状况相接近,从而确保其后改进设计的准确性。为了实现车体的轻量化,利用APDL语言实现了底座结构的参数化建模。选取底座钢结构的重量为目标函数,以底座主要型材的截面参数为设计变量,选择材料的许用应力和挠度为约束条件对基体进行了优化设计。优化后对底座强度和刚度进行校核,以检验优化结果的合理性,确保底座质量在性能满足要求的前提下明显降低。优化结果表明:底座总质量可减少2.366t,底座自重减轻了45.56%,强度和刚度仍能满足要求。本次研究的结果可以为连续挤压机底座的设计提供参考,并且表明有限元技术可以很好地指导连续挤压机底座结构设计。更多还原

【Abstract】 The base frame bears most of the weight of the continuous extrusion. Considering the safety factors, designers tend to select excessively the bigger safety modulus in the structure design. Now more and more continuous extrusions are produced. As a result, excessively bigger safety modulus causes the waste of the steel. At the same time causes the whole machine is too big and heavy, not easy to delivery. Therefore, it is quite necessary to optimize the continuous extrusions’ base frame structure.In virtue of ANSYS 10.0, the finite element analysis software, the thesis has made the analysis and optimum design of the continuous extrusions’ foundation structure. First, the complex 3D geometric model of the TLJ400 continuous extrusion’s base frame was established by using Pro/E, then translated into ANSYS model. And a finite element model was recreated based on ANSYS. The static analysis was completed under knowing normal loading conditions. The stress and displacement distribution are found and the new design was put forward. The result shows that the structure has higher strength and stiffness than original scheme.During the research, a dynamic strength test was made so that a comparison can get between simulation results and test results. If the comparison is very approach, it means that the FEM model is similar to the reality and if the comparison has great difference, it means the model should be modifying again.In order to realize the lightweight of foundation, the parametric model of foundation was built by using the APDL. In the process of optimization, the weight of steel structure of foundation was designated as objective function, the section sizes of major foundation section parameters as design variables, and the stress and the deformation as state variables. Finally, the strength and stiffness of the optimized model was checked to examine the reasonability of the optimal results and ensure the remarkable reduction of foundation’s weight is made on condition that the performance of the steel structure meets its requirements. The optimum results show that the mass of foundation is reduced 2.366t, which is 45.56% of foundation weight, at the same time the stiffness and intensity can meet the requirement.The results of this research can provide design reference of the continuous extrusions’ foundation structure, which demonstrate the efficiency of the finite element method for the foundation’s structural design.更多还原