【作者】 梁旭；

【导师】 李云霞；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 进入21世纪以来,国际环境在上世纪90年代的基础上进一步发生了深刻的变化,全球化趋势进一步显现。中国在改革开放的近30年间,不断调整对外政策,综合国力和国际地位都得到明显提升,逐步向世界大国的行列跨进。近年来,非洲经济发展势头与过去相比,呈现上升趋势。但不容忽视的事实也摆在眼前,非洲国家在取得独立以后又进入了长期的战乱和动荡时期,非洲仍聚集着全世界50个最不发达国家中的34个。与此同时,非洲国家在谋求和平与发展方面所做的努力,又使之成为各种国际力量争取的对象。冷战结束以来,中非合作模式逐渐改变了过去以政治合作为主,经济方面的合作以中方向非洲国家提供单方面的援助且主要服务于政治目的的格局,变为政治与经济合作并重,以互利共赢的经贸合作为主;合作中的意识形态因素逐渐淡化,合作层次、方式与途径日益丰富多样。非洲是中国外交政策的基本立足点之一,深入分析中非合作模式,总结其中的经验教训,关系到非洲八亿人的生存与福祉,关系到世界反贫困的进程,有助于我国对非洲各项政策的进一步制定,有利于提升中非合作水平,有利于维护发展中国家的共同利益,有利于公正、合理的国际政治经济新秩序的建立。本文采用文献调查、案例分析、对比分析以及综合分析的研究方法。文章共分四部分。第一部分:中非合作模式的内涵。这部分从政治、经济、文化三方面论述了中非合作模式在新形势下的新内涵,明确了本文对中非合作模式的研究范围。中国从中国人民和非洲人民的根本利益出发,与非洲国家建立和发展了政治上平等互信、经济上合作共赢、文化上交流互鉴的新型战略伙伴关系。这不仅有利于中非之间的根本利益,而且有利于促进世界的和平稳定与发展。第二部分:中非合作模式的成因。该部分从中非合作的外部环境和双方各自利益诉求的角度归纳了中非合作模式的成因。首先,进入新世纪后,经济全球化趋势进一步加强,旧的国际政治经济秩序依然存在。这种情况下中非双方传统的合作模式已越来越显示出其局限性,双方必须顺应时代的发展,建立新的合作机制与模式。其次,为了满足外交战略和国家利益需求,中国需要利用一切可利用的资源,而非洲恰恰拥有巨大的可资利用的政治力量和各种资源。再次,对于大多数非洲国家来说,中国改革开放以来经济发展成就举世瞩目,他们希望借鉴中国的经验来加快自身的发展。与此同时,非洲一体化的进程不断加快,促使双方调整合作方式,新的合作模式应运而生。第三部分:中非合作模式的特点及比较分析。这部分首先通过与传统中非合作模式的对比,归纳出中非合作模式新的时代特点,由反帝、反殖、反种族主义的合作转变到反对霸权主义和强权政治的合作;由以政治性援助为主的合作到务实、平等、互惠的合作;由单一的政治、经贸合作为主到全方位的合作;由双边合作到多边合作;由传统援助方式到管理合作、代管经营等新的合作方式。其次,深入分析了美国对非洲的“全面关注”政策以及欧盟更加趋于务实的非洲政策,在此基础上,得出西方大国与中国对非洲政策的不同之处。第四部分:中非合作模式评析。这部分首先论述了中非合作模式的意义。中非双方加强磋商与团结合作,不仅有利于中国国际形象的树立,而且有利于非洲脱贫计划的实施。然而,中非合作模式的意义不仅仅局限于中非双边关系本身,还具有更广阔的世界意义。中非双方在政治上的合作有利于平衡欧美的控制,在经济上的合作则能够提供国际交流与合作平台。其次,分析了中非双方如何进一步建构中非合作模式,这一过程中既要妥善处理阻碍双方关系发展的消极因素,又要提高对非洲政策的有效性,将政策落到实处,还要进一步挖掘中非合作的潜力,为中非合作打造更加广阔的前景。通过对中非合作模式的分析,我们可以看出,进入新世纪,虽然世界形势仍会发生各种变化,但中非友好合作关系必将继续向前发展。在全球化的今天,中非双方将在更大范围、更广领域、更高层次上展开合作。因此,在今后的合作中,我们应当注重资源开发的社会效益,树立经贸合作中的大国风范,同时,还要积极完善对非援助机制,并且增强非洲研究力量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the 21st century, the international environment has had the deep transformation in the 1990s’s foundation. The multipolarization tendency of international politics appears deeply. During more than 20 years, China continually readjust foreign policy under reform and open policy and stride in gradually to world power’s ranks, the national strength and the international standing have promote obviously. In recent years, the African economic developed so fast and presents the trend of escalation. But the serious fact also suspends at present, the African countries entered the long-term war after their independence. Among the 50 undeveloped countries, there were still 34 in Africa. At the same time, the African countries have become the object which each international strength strives for, because of their seeking for peace and the development.After the cold war, the China-Africa cooperation pattern changed gradually. In the past, the primarily pattern is political cooperation; economic cooperation is providing aid to Africa from China. Now, they pay equal attention to politics and the economic, ideology factor desalinates gradually, the cooperation level, method is bountiful day by day. Africa is one of the foreign basic policies of China. Analyzes the China-Africa cooperation pattern thoroughly and summarizes experience, relates the survivals and the blessing of African’s 800 million person, is helpful to the formulation of our Africa policy, is good to promoting the China-Africa cooperation level, is advantageous in maintaining the common interest of developing country, is helpful to establish the fairly and reasonable new international political and economic order.In this paper, we have used the following research methods: document research, case analysis, comparison, synthesis. There are four main parts in the paper:Part one: The connotation of China-Africa cooperation pattern. This part mainly introduced the connotation of China-Africa cooperation pattern on politics, the economy and the cultural, which established the research scope. China focuses on the Chinese people and the African people’s fundamental interests establish and develop a new strategic partnership which“politics in the equal mutual confidence, economic in both-win cooperation and culture in exchange”. This is not only good to China’s and Africa’s interest, but also good to promote the world’s peace, stability and the development.Part two: The causes of the China-Africa cooperation pattern. This part summarized the causes from the external environment and both of their benefit demand. First of all, after entering the new century, the trend of economic globalization has been strengthening, the old international political and economic order has still exist. In this situation, the traditional cooperation pattern has demonstrated its limitation more and more. Both China and Africa have to comply with the development, establish the new cooperation mechanism and the pattern. Secondly, in order to meet the diplomatic strategy and the national interest demand, China needs to use all available resources. Africa has enormous available political forces and all kinds of resources. The third, for most African countries, China’s economic development has been the focus of world attention since the reform and opening up, they hope to draw lessons from China’s experience to speed up its own development. At the same time, Africa has speeded up the process of integration, this urges both sides to adjust the approaches to cooperation, and the new pattern of cooperation has emerged.Part three: Characteristic of China-Africa cooperation pattern and the comparison with western countries. This part first compare the traditional cooperation pattern with the present one , induce the characteristic of China-Africa cooperation pattern under new situation, from counter-imperialism, anticolonialism, counter-nationalism to opposing hegemonism and power politics, from political aid to pragmatic, equal and mutually beneficial cooperation, from a single political, economic and trade cooperation to all-round cooperation, from bilateral cooperation to multilateral cooperation, from the traditional aid forms to new approaches. Then thoroughly analyzed the America’s“comprehensive attention”policy and European Union’s pragmatic policy to Africa. On this basis, draws the difference between western countries and China’s African policy.Part four: Evaluation of China-Africa cooperation pattern. This part discusses the significance of the China-Africa cooperation pattern. Strengthening China-Africa consultation and cooperation, is not only good to the establishment of China’s international image, but also helpful to Africa’s“out of poverty”plan. However, the significance of China-Africa cooperation pattern is not only limit to the bilateral relation itself, but also has the broader world significance. China and Africa’s political cooperation is helpful to resist Europe and America’s control, economic cooperation is good to provide platform for international cooperation. Secondly, analyzed how to conduct the cooperation pattern further. In this process, it is necessary to properly handle the negative factors between China and Africa, and increase the effectiveness of China’s policy toward Africa, enhance the validity. Also, we must further unearth the potential of China-Africa cooperation to make a broader prospect.Through the China-Africa Cooperation pattern analysis, we can see that although the world situation will change in the new century, the China-Africa friendly cooperative relations will continue to advance. In today’s globalized world, China and Africa will launch the cooperation in a greater scope, a broader field and at a higher level. Therefore, in the future cooperation, we should focus on the social benefits of resource development, establish the great nation manner in economic and trade cooperation, at the same time, we should also actively improve the assistance mechanisms, and enhance the African research forces.更多还原