【作者】 蔡练功；

【导师】 聂军；

【作者基本信息】 南方医科大学 ， 流行病学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:了解大学生网络利用现况,探讨网络成瘾的相关因素,为有效指导大学生正确上网、减少网络使用的负面影响提供一定的依据。方法:采用整群抽样的方法,对广州某高校950在校大学生进行问卷调查,问卷包括自编网络使用调查表(项目有性别、年纪、家庭月收入、家庭类型、上网时间、网络功能使用、是否吸烟等)、网络成瘾诊断量表、艾森克人格问卷和领悟社会支持量表。运用描述性分析、t检验、x~2检验、z检验、Logistic回归对上网者的网络利用情况、网络成瘾情况和网络成瘾相关因素进行探讨。结果:①该校大学生上网率为97.8%,网络成瘾现患率为10.5%。81.8%的学生每天上网时间在1～3小时以内。学生上网主要使用的网络功能是聊天、听歌看电影和浏览新闻。②成瘾组和非成瘾组之间在不同年纪和专业上差异无统计学差异;在不同性别上有统计学差异,男生高于女生(p=0.029),成瘾者当中,男生相比女生更倾向于玩游戏和浏览成人网站;成瘾组的神经质得分显著高于非成瘾组(p＜0.001),而内外向分和领悟社会支持分显著低于非成瘾组(p＜0.001,p＜0.001);成瘾组的五年内有过失恋经历的比例显著高于非成瘾组(p=0.004),两组在五年内是否有过亲友过世经历上差异无统计学意义。③多因素Logistic回归显示网络成瘾的主要影响因素有性别、父母对其上网的态度、对网恋的看法、五年内是否有失恋经历、对网络有危害的的认同程度、神经质分、内外向分、神经质分与生源地的交互项、内外向分与家庭外支持的交互项。结论:网络已经成为大学生学习生活密不可分的一部分,指导他们合理利用网络已成当务之急。网络成瘾的产生是多因素共同作用的结果,神经质人格倾向和生源地、内向人格倾向和家庭外支持的交互作用是其中两个主要的影响因素。研究表明在对大学生网络成瘾进行干预和治疗时,有必要对其人格和社会支持进行测定,以便采取更有针对性的措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the computer and internet access conditions of use,the prevalence of Internet addiction among undergraduate and to explore the factors related to Internet addiction.Thereby to provide the basic information necessary to develop prevention programs for internet addiction and to plan for health promotion programs.Methods:A total of 950 undergraduate were recruited for the cross-sectional study in a university.Students were administered a Young’s Intemet Addiction Scale(YIAS),a Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale(EPQ-RSC),a Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS) and asked questions about gender,grades,family economic status,parents’ marriage status,parents’ attitudes to students internet accesee conditions of use,time of accessing Internet daily,Internet activities,habitual of nicotine use,the life events such as lovelorn,relatives and friends death,etc.The data were analyzed by SPSS 11.5,including descriptive statistics analysis,Chi-Square Test, two-sample t-test,separate variance estimation t-test,rank sum test and crossover analysis;Logistic regression models were employed to explore significant predictors of Internet addiction.Results:①The rate of Internet use among was 97.8%,while the incidence rate of Internet addiction was 10.5%.Time of Internet use was 1～3 hours daily;The main Internet activities included instantaneous communication,multimedia entertainment and read news.Technical ability ofinternet which the student had were at a secondary level.②There was no significant difference between grades and the subject when students were sepereated to two groups,Internet addiction group and non-addiction group.Gender difference was statistically different,more boys in the Internet addiction group(p=0.029).Gender differences were also found in Internet addiction and motives of playing games and visiting adults’ webs.Compared with the control group,the Internet addiction group had significantly higher scores on the EPQ subscales of Neuroticism(N) and lower scores on the EPQ subscales of Extraversion (E)and PSSS subscales(P＜0.05).The difference in the rate of lovelorn between the two groups(44.0%vs.28.2%,p=0.002) was also significant,nevertheless,the rate of relatives and friends death was not significant.③Multiple Logistic regression analysis revealed that the gender,parents’ attitudes to students substance use,students’ attitudes to the internet affection, lovelorn,standpoint on the flaw of Internet use,scores of N,scores of E,scores of PSSS subscales,the interaction of scores of E and scores of PSSS subscales,the interaction of scores of N and students’ hometowns were the most significant predictors for Internet addiction.Conclusions:Internet use have become a staple of undergraduate everyday life.The factors associated with Internet addiction were multiple.The interaction of personality traits and perceived social supports,the interaction of personality traits and students’ hometowns were a part of major impacting factors of Internet addiction.The studied suggested that it was necessary to evaluate personal traits,and then to provide social supports in the intervention and treatment of Internet-addicted undergraduates.更多还原