【作者】 卢士涛；

【导师】 林登阁；

【作者基本信息】 山东科技大学 ， 岩土工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 软岩硐室是当前煤矿建设中的一个常见的复杂问题,其支护成功与否决定了煤矿的安全与正常生产。要取得这类巷道支护的成功,除了选择合理断面外,选择科学合理的开挖支护形式及参数,是成功支护的关键之所在。因此研究深井软岩硐室的合理支护技术具有非常重要的现实意义。本论文通过理论分析,数值模拟,现场试验监测相结合的方法,研究了能较好的发挥支护承载能力和围岩自承载能力的锚注支护形式,对软岩硐室失稳破坏机理和锚注加固的机理进行了深入系统的研究。首先在理论和实践的基础上,分析了围岩裂隙的分布规律以及硐室开挖过程中围岩应力变化引起的围岩渗透率变化规律,并根据注浆施工统计资料,总结围岩中浆液扩散规律,进一步研究浆液扩散特点及与围岩渗透性之间的关系。本论文研究分析了软岩硐室围岩的变形特征和力学机制,以及锚注中浆液所起到的作用及支护中锚杆可锚性差的原因,进一步分析了注浆锚杆加固围岩的机理,并指出锚注加固中存在的问题及发展方向。论文应用显式有限差分程序FLAC3D对泵房的支护方式进行了数值模拟,通过对几种支护方式下围岩的应力、变形、塑性区的发展等方面的对比,验证了锚注支护在保持围岩稳定性方面的作用。本论文对锚注加固围岩的稳定性进行了分析计算,运用弹塑性理论分析了锚注加固结构弹塑性区的变化规律,根据Misses准则计算了锚注加固结构的极限承载能力,其计算数值远大于维持硐室围岩稳定所需的最小支护阻力。最后总结阐述了影响软岩硐室稳定性的诸多因素及研究相对应措施的根本出发点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Currently, the soft-rock tunnel is a familiar and complicated problem in building a new coal mine, success of its supporting or not decides the safety and normal of mine. If want obtain the successful supporting of this kind tunnel, choosing besides logical section, the scientific and logical supporting form and supporting parameter is important to get the successful supporting. So it is very important and meaningful to study proper supporting technique in deep-seated soft-rock tunnel.This article makes use of the method that associates with theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and local testing, study the supporting form of bolt and grouting which can play a great bring support bearing capacity and surrounding self-bearing capacity, and deeply studied the mechanism of damage and reinforcing by bolt and grouting. Fist, basing on theory and practice, the rule of layout crevice in surrounding and the rule of seepage rate in surrounding rock which generated by stress changing during excavation are analyzed. According to the grouting amount statistic data, generalized cement paste propagation rule, further studies on cement paste propagation characteristic and the relationship with the rock permeability.This article studies and analysis the deformation character and mechanical property, the action of cement paste in bolt and grouting and the reasons of bad anchorage of bolts in supporting the soft rock chamber are analyzed, including the mechanism of injected-bolts reinforcing surrounding, point to the exist problem and developing direction of bolt and grouting. This paper used the finite-difference program FLAC3D to simulate supporting methods in the pump room, via comparing a few of the supporting effect on stress, deformation, plastic zone development and so on in the surrounding rock, proved the effect of anchor-grouting on keeping the surrounding rock steady.According to the elastic-plastic theory, the varying law of grouting-bolting structure in elastic-plastic zone is analyzed in this article, and analyzed calculate the stability of reinforced surrounding rock by grouting-bolt in Misses criterion, including calculating ultimate bearing capacity of grouting-bolting structure, its numerical value far high to the least resistance needed to keep the stability of surrounding rock in rock chamber. In the end of this paper, few factors of impacting the stability of surrounding in soft rock and the start point to study the proper measure are expatiated and summarized.更多还原