【作者】 郑莹；

【导师】 郭立稳； 毕作枝；

【作者基本信息】 河北理工大学 ， 安全技术及工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 安全生产是煤炭企业生存与科学发展的前提。煤矿事故不仅会给国家和企业造成大量的经济损失,妨碍安全生产的正常运行,而且必然给伤者及家人带来无法估计的精神伤害。大量煤矿事故的调查结果表明,煤矿事故的发生,大多是由人的不安全行为造成的,而人的不安全心理又是引发不安全行为的根本原因。针对我国近几年煤炭安全生产现状,分析了我国现阶段煤矿安全生产和管理中存在的问题,并且按照“环境影响心理——心理支配行为——不安全行为导致事故”这样的事故发生过程,借助心理学理论、现代管理学理论等相关知识,通过理论分析、调查访问和事故案例统计的研究方法,对煤矿员工的行为模式、煤矿员工个性心理因素、社会心理因素以及环境对矿工安全心理的影响等进行分析得出,引发不安全行为的个性心理因素主要有:麻痹心理、侥幸心理、捷径心理、被迫心理、摆脱心理、逞能心理、恐慌心理和逆反心理;社会心理因素有:人际关系、家庭关系、群体行为、国家的有关政策、法规、煤炭的市场价格;环境因素有:作业环境和生活环境。根据分析得出的影响因素,提出了加强从业人员的安全教育工作;加强培训和考核,提高职工队伍素质;给矿工以人文关怀,做好思想和情绪的调解;建设企业安全文化;改进煤矿装备和井下工作环境;加强安全监察员在安全生产中的监督作用;发挥矿工家属在安全保证中的作用;运用经济手段强化安全管理等八个方面的对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 Safe production is the premise of the existence and scientific development of coal enterprises. Coalmine accidents can not only cause great economic loss to the country and enterprises but also are bound to bring great spiritual harm to the wounded and their families. The investigation results of a great deal of coalmine accidents show that the happening of coalmine accidents was mostly caused by people’s unsafe behaviors and their unsafe psyche is the basic reason to cause their unsafe behaviors.Based on the recent coalmine safe production situation of our country, analyzing the problems of coalmine safe production and management, according to the accidents happening process of“environment influencing psyche——psyche predominating behaviors——unsafe behaviors causing accidents”, with the help of psychology theories and relative knowledge of modern management theories, using the research methodology of theory analysis, investigation and interview, and accidents and cases statistics, making analysis of coalmine staff’s behavior patterns, personal and social psychological reasons and the influence of environment on their safe psyche, this dissertation finds that the personal psychological reasons that cause unsafe behaviors mainly are: numb psyche, lucky psyche, shortcut psyche, compelled psyche, breaking away psyche, showing off psyche, panic psyche and going-against psyche; social psychological reasons are: interpersonal relationship, family relationship, group behaviors and related national policy, regulation and market price of coal; environmental reasons are working and living environments. This dissertation points out strategies from eight parts: enforcing safety education, enforcing train and assessment, enhancing staff’s quality, giving coalminer humanity care and mediating their thoughts and mood, constructing enterprises safety culture, improving working environment under the shaft, strengthening the urging function of the safety supervisors, developing the function of coalminer relatives in the guarantee of safety; using economic methods to enforce safety management.更多还原