【作者】 郝伟；

【导师】 李吉和；

【作者基本信息】 中南民族大学 ， 中国少数民族史， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 以往学者多侧重汉文化对鲜卑文化的影响研究,很少关注鲜卑文化对汉文化的影响,即使有所涉及,也缺乏系统性。所以,对魏晋至隋唐时期鲜卑文化在中原地区的传播现象进行系统研究很有意义。鲜卑文化在中原地区的传播有多方面的原因,如民族大融合、鲜卑内迁、魏晋民族政策、鲜卑政权建立、隋唐政权与鲜卑渊源关系、民族经济交往增多、民族通婚等。鲜卑文化在畜牧文化、饮食文化、服饰文化等物质文化,与祭祀文化、婚俗文化、音乐舞蹈文化、石窟文化等精神文化两个方面对中原文化产生了巨大的影响。鲜卑文化传播的类型可依据其传播模式、传播途径、传播维度、传播主体来划分。其中,依据鲜卑文化的传播模式可分为直接传播与媒介传播;依据传播途径可分为迁徙传播、商业传播以及战争传播;依据传播维度分为共时性传播与历时性传播;依据传播主体又可分为官方传播与民间传播。但这些不同类型的文化传播却渗透着共同的文化传播规律,即由文化接触引起文化冲突,并在文化整合与创新中解决文化冲突,从而实现鲜卑文化的传播。同时,鲜卑文化在中原地区的传播特点有:传播范围广泛性与内容多样性、传播风格实用性与时尚性、传播客体原生性与创新性、传播结果复合性。不容忽视的是,鲜卑文化在中原地区传播所造成的影响也是多方面的。它不仅促成了中原统治者开明的民族观、而且影响了中原王朝政治制度建设、促进了中原王朝军事改革,不仅促使中原汉族精神面貌转变,而且加速了中原地区民族融合,并推动了中原地区经济发展,从而丰富了中华民族文化宝库。更多还原

【Abstract】 The former scholars always stressed the influence of Han culture on Xianbei culture. And few scholars paid more attention to the influence of Xianbei culture on Han culture. Even if there were some, those researches have not been systematic yet. Therefore, it is very significant to conduct a systematic research on the dissemination of Xianbei culture in the area of the central plains from the Wei and Jin dynasties to the Sui and Tang dynasties.There were many reasons for the dissemination of Xianbei culture in the area of the central plains. For instance, the national fusion, the migration of Xianbei, the nationality policies of the Wei and Jin dynasties, the regime establishment of Xianbei, the relationships between Xianbei and the Sui and Tang dynasties, the more economic association among different nationalities, intermarriage, and so on. The Xianbei culture has brought about the huge influence to the area of the central plains from two aspects: the material culture like the animal husbandry culture, the diet culture, the clothing culture, and so on; the spiritual culture like the sacrificial culture, the marriage culture, the music and dance culture, the grotto culture, and so on.The types of Xianbei culture dissemination could be classified according to the dissemination pattern, the dissemination way, the dissemination dimension and the dissemination subject. They could be classified into the direct dissemination and the medium dissemination based on the various dissemination patterns of Xianbei culture; they could be divided into the migration dissemination, the commercial dissemination as well as the war dissemination based on the different dissemination ways; they could be classified into synchronic dissemination and diachronic dissemination based on the various dissemination dimensions; and they also could be divided into the official dissemination and the folk dissemination based on the different dissemination subjects. But these various types of cultural dissemination were actually been penetrating the common culture dissemination rule. To be specific, the cultural contact caused the cultural conflict, and the cultural conflict could be solved in the cultural conformity and the cultural innovation, thus the dissemination of Xianbei culture came true. At the same time, the characteristics of Xianbei culture dissemination were: universality and multiplicity, usability and fashion, primary and innovation, and compound.Which not can be neglected is that the influences of Xianbei culture dissemination were various, too. It not only facilitated the enlightened nationality views of the rulers in the area of the central plains, but also affected the construction of politics system; moreover it promoted the military reform; and it not only urged the mental outlook of Han Nationality in the area of the central plains to transform, but also accelerated the different nationalities to fuse; what’s more, it impelled the economy development of the central plains. Thus the treasure of Chinese culture has been enriched.更多还原