【作者】 霍银磊；

【导师】 张新昌；

【作者基本信息】 江南大学 ， 包装工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 泡沫塑料具有密度低,比弹性模量高,比强度高的优点,是一种理想的轻质结构材料;同时,这种材料还具有良好的振动和冲击能量吸收性能,是目前应用最普遍的缓冲包装材料之一,尤以发泡聚苯乙烯(文中简称EPS)、发泡聚乙烯(文中简称EPE)两种材料应用最广。尽管由于“绿色包装“浪潮的兴起,泡沫塑料在包装中的应用受到很大冲击,但随着新型泡沫塑料产品的应用、各种泡沫塑料回收技术的发展,这种综合性能最好、价格优势最明显的缓冲材料还是在产品保护包装中发挥着十分重要的作用。在充分利用其优良性能的前提下,尽可能地减少用量、减少成型过程中的能量消耗以及研究易于废弃处理的新型发泡塑料等,已成为当前泡沫塑料研究的热点。本课题从泡沫塑料的发泡原理和成型工艺出发,分析了几种常用泡沫塑料的发泡工艺参数及其影响因素;研究了材料的细观结构特点,并以此为基础,结合三种常用泡沫塑料的性能试验探讨了泡沫塑料的力-变形关系,基于试验数据和Avalle、Rusch和Gibson理论,完善了泡沫塑料的应力-应变关系模型。研究了泡沫塑料的单轴压缩性能、应变率、蠕变性能以及跌落冲击压缩性能等指标与其发泡倍率、成型密度、细观结构参数的关系;讨论了压缩速率对测试结果的影响;通过试验和理论分析,研究了发泡聚丙烯的振动传递性能,结果表明,运用谐波平衡法对基于三次非线性刚度理论的EPP材料振动传递特性的求解与试验数据较好吻合。本课题的研究完善了泡沫塑料的应力-应变关系模型,研究了基于能量吸收效率的缓冲材料密度选择的方法,有一定创新。研究结果对使用泡沫塑料进行科学、准确的缓冲设计具有一定的指导意义;也有助于从泡沫塑料的发泡工艺参数出发,探索提升材料缓冲性能的途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Low-density foamed plastic is the ideal structural material for cushioning packaging because it’s the higher rate modulus of elasticity, high strength and light weight. At the same time, such material also has a good vibration, and shock absorption capacity of energy, is the most common packaging materials, especially foam polystyrene, polyethylene foam. Though with the tide of "green packaging", the use of foamed plastic was been effected, but practice proved that it is currently the most effective cushioning material. Therefore, in the process of using their excellent performance, designer should reduce material’s consumption as far as possible, reduce the energy consumption during their molding process, reduce the treatment cost of the waste and develop the new foam friendly to environment.The microscopic structure of commonly used foam plastics’and the impact of factors on the microscopic structure of materials has been discussed from the issue of foam molding process, take it as the basis for study of the foam compression force - deformation, as well as related performance ratio with the foam forming density, the relationship between the micro structural parameters. Discussed the compression rate on the test results, as well as the impact of the creep properties of materials through the vibration of polypropylene foam transmission performance testing of the materials and obtained the nonlinear vibration transmission characteristic curve of EPP.The study results of the foamed plastic could be used as a guiding for the scientific and accurate design of the buffer for cushioning. At the same time the results are helpful for seeking best techniques and process of upgrading the performance of the buffer cushion, and the determination of process parameters. Thus could under the guarantee packing effect premise to retrench the use of materials as far as possible.更多还原