【作者】 杨霞霞；

【导师】 孙余凭；

【作者基本信息】 江南大学 ， 化学工艺， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文根据2007年太湖水危机事件产生的主要三大因素:蓝藻腐败产物、湖底淤泥泛起及水体自身污染,采用膜法分子量分级的方法,以此来表征污染物的分子量分布。分别采用混凝、超滤、臭氧氧化及活性炭吸附工艺及其组合工艺对原水进行了处理效果的研究。同时,为了评价不同处理工艺对不同水质处理的效果,分别对蓝藻腐败产物水源、湖底底泥性水源进行了单因素研究,并且对高藻期太湖源水进行了研究,结果表明:1.蓝藻腐败产物中以小于3kD的有机物为主,且最终产物为小分子物质,致嗅性物质主要集中在大于3kD分子量区间内。臭氧氧化可以有效去除嗅味性物质,随着接触时间的延长、投加量的增大,臭氧对蓝藻腐败产物的去除效果增加;活性炭对小分子量有机物有较好的吸附特性,活性炭的处理效果只与吸附时间有关;臭氧氧化与活性炭吸附工艺组合可以有效去除蓝藻腐败产物,出水无异味,可以高效地发挥各自的特性,具有其优越性和协同性。2、太湖底淤泥水样分析结果显示,底泥中所含的污染物以分子量大于10kD的有机物为主。聚合氯化铝混凝处理可以有效去除分子量>10kD的有机物。随着混凝剂投加量的增加,各分子质量区间的三项指标基本呈递减趋势。在相同混凝剂投加量时,在线混凝+超滤与混凝+超滤工艺的去除率相近,且两种预处理方式都可以改善膜通量,减缓膜污染以及提高有机物的去除效果。3、高藻期太湖水质浊度较高、有机物含量非常高,同时嗅味严重,水质波动较大,但组合工艺显现出较好的去除效果和对污染物的抗负荷特性,可以保障出水水质,经检测出水中藻类物质近于完全去除的程度,适用于突发性水危机事件的应急处理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Putrefactive product of algae, lakebed mud and its own pollution are the main factors of Taihu’s water crisis in 2007. UF membrane method can be used to determine Molecular weight(MW) distribution of the pollutants. The experiment investigated the treatment of source water when used the technologies, such as coagulation、ultrafiltration、ozonation、activated carbon adsorption and combined process. Meanwhile, in order to investigate the removal efficiencies of different processes, the water which contain putrefactive product of algae、Lakebed mud and source water was treated respectively. The experimental results showed that:1.The majority of organic substances in putrefactive product of algae have MWs lower than 3kD. The organics with low MW will be the final product. The odorous compounds have MWs higher than 3kD. The ozonation process can effective remove odorous compounds.It is effective in removal the pollutants with increase of O3 dose and contact time. The activated carbon adsorption is effective in removal of organic substances with lower MWs. There is good complementary relationship between ozonation and avtivated carbon adsorption in removal of organic with different MW, They can effectively play their respective characteristics.2. The results showed that majority of organic substances in lakebed mud have MWs higher than 10kD. The coagulation process can effectively remove organic substances with higher than 10kD and have a certain extent effect in removal of odorous compounds ,The pollutants can be removed effectively with the increase of PAC dose. Coagulation/Ultrafiltration and PAC on-line coagulation/Ultrafiltration have the same removal effect at the same dose. Results showed that the pollution on the membrane surface counld be effectively reduced by adding coagulant, pollutant on membrane surface could be effectively cleaned up by regular water cleaning.3. Taihu Lake have lots of organic substances、high turbidity and serious odor which varied with the quality. But the combined process showed effective in removal of pollutants and can protect water quality. The algae detected in the water near complete be removed , which indicates that the integrate process can surly be applied into the emergency water treatment.更多还原