耐电解质增稠剂的合成与测试

【作者】 王光良；

【导师】 张晓东；

【作者基本信息】 青岛大学 ， 应用化学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以研制开发耐电解质增稠剂为目标,首先在实验室合成了丙烯酸十八酯和丙烯类单体ZXDW,利用正交实验研究了丙烯酸和这两种单体共聚的工艺条件,通过单因素分析得到比较理想的配方和工艺,并做了其性能测试,具体研究内容和结论如下:丙烯酸和丙烯酸十八酯进行反相乳液共聚。共聚前,须把丙烯酸用氢氧化钠中和到一定程度,所以丙烯酸大部分以盐的形式参加共聚,而丙烯酸十八酯是疏水性的则溶解在油相,致使在聚合反应中聚合不能平稳进行,得到的产品增稠能力和耐电解质能力不理想。丙烯酸和丙烯酸十八酯进行溶液聚合。丙烯酸、丙烯酸十八酯和N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺溶解在苯中,以偶氮二异丁氰为引发剂,保持80℃聚合3h,过滤,干燥,得到白色粉末。把粉末加入到溶有Span-80的溶剂油中高速搅拌,滴加氨水中和,加入壬基苯基聚氧乙烯醚(Tx-10)转相得到白色的增稠剂。得到的产品颗粒不均匀,增稠能力差,耐电解质能力较好。丙烯酸和丙烯类单体ZXDW进行反相乳液聚合。实验室自制单体ZXDW的端基为磺酸基团,磺酸根离子为强酸根离子,有较强的水溶性,使单体能溶于水。以过硫酸铵-亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂,以N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(NMBA)为交联剂,反相聚合丙烯酸和单体ZXDW,聚合完毕后减压蒸馏脱水,加入壬基苯基聚氧乙烯醚(Tx-10)转相得到淡黄色粘稠的增稠剂,其增稠能力和粘度系数与增稠剂PTF相当,耐电解质能力是普通增稠剂的3-5倍。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aiming to research and develop electrolyte-resistant thickener, this paper synthesized stearyl acrylate and ZXDW monomers. Then the conditions to prepare thickener have been studied particularly by orthogonal design. We have got ideal conditions to produce the thickening by single factor analyzing. And we have made performance tests as follows:First, the copolymer was prepared in inverse emulsion solution using AA and octadecyl acrylate as monomers. The acrylic acid was neutralized by sodium hydroxide before the preparation, so the acrylic acid was changed into sodium acrylic by some degree. Therefore when there was water and oil, most of it could stay in water. But the stearyl acrylate is a hydrophobe, so it is in oil when the reaction takes place. So the reaction could not go on favorably. And the product had bad performance.Second, the copolymer was prepared in benzene solution using AA and octadecyl acrylate as monomers, AIBN as initiator, and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide(MBA) as crosslinker. When it took place, we must make sure that the temperature was at 80℃and it must be like this for more than 3 hours. Then filtrated it and dried it to get white powders. Next, pour the powders into the solution which was got by blending Span-80 and gasoline and stirred it strongly. After that, dripped ammonium into it to neutralize acid. Finally, we added Tx-10 into it to change the solution from W/O to O/W. It was unexpected that it had high eletrolyte-resistance ability but low thicken ability.Third, we made ZXDW monomer first, and The electrolyte-resistant thickener was prepared by inverse emulsion polymerization using acrylic acid and ZXDW as monomers, Span-80 as emulsifier, ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfate as initiator, and N,N—methylenebisacrylamide(NMBA) as crosslinker. Because there was a hydrophile group, it could dissolved in water easily. After the reaction was over, we distilled it at low pressure to make sure that it had little water at last. When water was as little as we supposed, we added Tx-10 into it and stirred it thoroughly. So we could get light yellow paste with good performance. And its thicken ability and PVI is as well as imported products, for exemple PTE But the electrolyte-resistance ability is from twice to four times more than that of PTF.更多还原