【作者】 冯晓曦；

【导师】 汤继华；

【作者基本信息】 河南农业大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究利用我国当前推广面积最大的玉米杂交种农大108(黄C×许178)的一套重组近交系为基础材料,在许昌、郑州、浚县三地点对玉米灌浆期不同阶段品质性状和灌浆速度进行了遗传分析,主要结论如下:1)构建了包含161个SSR标记的遗传连锁图谱,覆盖玉米10条染色体,总长度为2326.8cM,平均区间长度12.78 cM。2)利用近红外反射光谱(NIRS)定量分析模型,测定了重组自交系群体的籽粒粗蛋白、粗淀粉、粗脂肪和赖氨酸4个品质性状的百分含量。3)利用复合区间作图法,在三个试点五个时期共检测到47个玉米籽粒品质的非条件QTL,其中12个与籽粒粗蛋白含量有关的非条件QTL,位于除第4和第9染色体外的8条染色体上; 10个与粗淀粉含量有关的非条件QTL,集中于第5、6、7三条染色体上;11个与油分含量有关的非条件QTL,分布在第1、2、5、6、7、9染色体上;14个与赖氨酸含量有关的非条件QTL,分布在除了第3、8和10以外的7条染色体上。4)在对籽粒品质进行条件QTL检测时,三个试点五个时期共检测到42个条件QTL,8与粗蛋白含量有关的条件QTL,分布在第1、6、7、9染色体上;12个与粗淀粉含量有关的条件QTL,分布在除了第5和10以外的8条染色体上;14个与油分含量有关的条件QTL,分布在除了第4和8以外的8条染色体上;8与赖氨酸含量有关的条件QTL,分布在第1、2、5、6、7染色体上。5)在对籽粒品质非条件和条件QTL检测进行对比时,发现有2个与淀粉含量有关、1个与蛋白含量有关、1个与脂肪含量有关和3个与赖氨酸含量有关QTL同时被检测到。6)对灌浆速度进行QTL检测时,三地点五时期共检测到11个非条件OTL,分布在第2、4、5、9和10染色体上。不同时期不同地点间,共检测到2个相同的QTL。同时也检测到13个条件QTL,分布在除了第6和8染色体上,不同时期和地点间没有检测到相同的条件QTL。在对与灌浆速度有关的非条件和条件QTL进行对比时,发现有2个QTL,在相同地点和相同时期出现,1个在不同地点不同时期出现。7)通过对灌浆速度与籽粒品质包括非条件和条件的QTL对比,发现灌浆速度与淀粉有5个相同的QTL,占淀粉QTL总数(19个)的26.32%;与蛋白相同的QTL有5个,占蛋白总数(18个)的27.78%;与油分相同的QTL 4个,占总数(24个)的16.67%;与赖氨酸相同的2个,占总数(19)的10.53%。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this investigation, a set of incombant inbred line (RIL) population which derived from an elite maize hybrid Nongda108,were used to dissect the genetic basis of four main nutritional components in maize kernels under different filling stages, the RIL population was evaluated at three locations including Xuchang, Zhengzhou and Xunxian in Henan province. The results were as follows:1) A genetic linkage map with 161 marker loci was constructed including 10 chromosomes; the total length was 2326.8cM, with an average interval length of 12.78cM.2) Four nutritional components of kernel protein,starch, oil and lysine in seed were measured by using NIRS in five filling stages.3)A total of 47 QTL associated with nutritional components in maize kernels were detected using composite interval mapping method (CIM) in RIL population. There were 12 QTL associated with protein content, and the QTL lied on all chromosomes except 4 and 9. There were 10 QTLs associated with starch content, and the QTL located on chromosomes 5, 6 and 7. For oil content, 11 QTL were identified, which lied on chromosomes1, 2, 5, 6, 7 and 9, respectively. For lysine, 14 QTL were identified, which lied on all chromosomes except 3, 8 and 10.4) Through conditional QTL analysis, a total of 42 QTL associated with nutritional components in maize kernels were detected.8 QTL was detected for protein contentd in five filling stages, and the QTL lied on chromosomes 1, 6, 7and 9, respectively. There were 12 QTL associated with starch content, which lied on all chromosomes except 5 and 10. For oil content, there were 14 QTL identified, which lied on all chromosomes escept 4 and 8. For oil content, there were 8 QTL identified, which lied on chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 6 and 7 respectively.5) The comparison between unconditional and conditional QTL, show that 2 starch QTL, 1 protein QTL, 1 oil QTL and 3 lysine QTL were identified under two conditions.6) A totle of 11 QTL associated with filling speed in maize kernels were detected, and located on chromosomes 2, 4, 5, 9 and 10, respectively. 2 QTL were identified in different locates and different filling stages. Through conditional QTL analysis, a total of 13 QTL associated with filling speed in maize kernels were detected and the OTL lied on all chromosomes excepe 6 and 8. No same QTL was identified in different locates and different filling stages.Compare between nonconditional and conditional QTL, there were 2 QTL identified in same locates or stages, and 1 QTL identified in different locates and stages.Comparison between filling speed QTL and nutritional components QTL, which contains unconditional and conditional QTL, show that 5 same QTL identified between filling speed and starch QTL, accounts 26.32% of all starch; 5 same QTL between filling speed and protein QTL, accounts 27.78% of all protein QTL; 4 same QTL between filling speed and oil QTL, accounts 16.67% of all oil QTL; 2 same QTL between filling speed and lysine QTL, accounts 10.53% of all lysine QTL.The results suggested that the expression of the QTL controlling nutrient component was different in different developing period, which has significant interaction with environment.更多还原