【作者】 罗琨琳；

【导师】 吴贤熙；

【作者基本信息】 贵州大学 ， 材料学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 当前铝电解工业中存在的生产成本高、污染严重、效率低等问题,随着世界各国建设节约型、环保型社会步伐的加快,惰性阳极材料的研发成为目前铝电解技术发展的重点与热点。本文结合目前铝电解工业发展的现状,追踪了国内外的惰性阳极材料最新研究动态,认为NiFe₂O₄基金属陶瓷具有化学稳定性好、耐腐蚀、耐高温等特性,能满足作为铝电解惰性阳极的要求,但陶瓷的脆性极大地限制了它的应用。本论文的研究目标通过纳米NiO的添加,改善NiFe₂O₄基金属陶瓷的力学性能,从而有利于解决惰性阳极大型化和机械加工等工程技术问题。本研究以NiO、Fe₂O₃、Cu和纳米NiO为原料,采用超声波分散技术,并应用星型球磨机球磨原料,采用单向压制的方法制备了金属陶瓷基惰性阳极生坯,压制压强为8MPa,在空气气氛下经1100℃烧结得到合格的惰性阳极试样。经过XRD测试并计算表明试样为纳米NiFe₂O₄金属陶瓷,组成成分为NiFe₂O₄、CuFe₂O₄、NiO、CuO。通过谢乐公式计算,表明试样为纳米NiFe₂O₄金属陶瓷。对纳米NiFe₂O₄金属陶瓷的力学性能进行研究,添加纳米NiO的试样的维氏硬度比末添加纳米NiO的试样大大降低,而抗弯强度和断裂韧性都有明显的提高。通过微观结构观察发现,纳米NiFe₂O₄金属陶瓷中的纳米NiO与基体NiFe₂O₄材料有着良好的结合,形成了晶间型纳米复相结构,从而有效抑制了NiFe₂O₄晶粒在烧结过程中的生长和NiFe₂O₄晶粒的异常长大,晶体发生沿晶断裂,说明了纳米NiO起到了改善陶瓷材料力学性能的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present the costs in the electrolytic industrial production are high,and cause the serious pollution,the problem of low efficiency.With the pace of building for the world-saving and environment-friendly society to accelerate,Inert anode materials research and development become the hot focus of electrolytic technology development。This paper status the current development of electrolytic industrial,track the latest research material inert anode dynamic at home and abroad,and fund NiFe₂O₄ that has a ceramic chemical stability,corrosion resistance, high temperature and other characteristics,As it can meet the requirements of electrolytic inert anode,However,the brittle ceramic greatly limit its application。In this paper,the research objectives through the addition of nano-NiO,fund NiFe₂O₄ is to improve the mechanical properties of ceramics,and to solve the inert anode and large machining and other projects problems。In this study,materials for the NiO,Fe₂O₃,Cu and nano-NiO,using of ultrasound technology spread with star ball milling of raw materials,using one methods of suppressing the metal-ceramic inert anode green,and pressure for the suppression of 8 MPa,and the inert anode sample sintering 1100℃be qualified in the atmosphere air。After XRD tests and calculations the sample of nano-metallic ceramic NiFe₂O₄,indicate that components of NiFe₂O₄,CuFe₂O₄,NiO,CuO。Music by Scherrer formula,testified the sample is nano-NiFe₂O₄ cermet.On the nano-NiFe₂O₄ mechanical properties of metals research,the Vicker hardness of the adding nano-NiO greatly reduced than the sample not adding,the bending strength and fracture toughness have significantly improved。Through the micro-structure observations,the nano-NiO and the materials of ceramic NiFe₂O₄ have a good combination,formation the inter-nano-crystalline,thereby inhibiting the NiFe₂O₄ grain in the process of sintering and the growth of abnormal growth of grain NiFe₂O₄, crystal fracture occurred along the crystal,illuminating nano-NiO played a-ceramic materials to improve the role of the mechanical properties。更多还原