【作者】 张巍；

【导师】 张炳义；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳工业大学 ， 电机与电器， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 在诸如电梯曳引机、石油机械、大型机床、矿山机械等大型机械装备中,通常由笨重的机体、多级齿轮减速机构,才能将异步电动机从电网电能转换的机械能传动到负载完成做功。取消机械减速机,由低速大转矩永磁同步电动机直接驱动,从根本上克服了减速机带来的各种弊端。开发应用于无齿轮传动系统的低速大转矩永磁同步电动机是当前十分有意义的一项工作。本论文主要开展了以下几个方面的工作:首先,从电机的电磁设计入手,由于该电机为工频电源供电,不能采用变频器控制电机的起动,所以电机设计的重点在于如何去增大电机的起动转矩并减小起动电流来保证电机能够正常起动,并得到优异的电机性能参数。结合实际问题,参考普通异步起动永磁同步电动机电磁设计,对本设计中的矿山磨粉机用低速大转矩永磁同步电动机的参数进行了手工计算;分析了异步起动永磁同步电动机的设计共性,并针对多极低速电机的特性进行了大胆的设计尝试。其次,利用MATLAB程序语言,将手工计算的过程编制成为电机设计CAD程序,使用了拟合和插值等多种数值计算方法,使得计算的过程更加的方便,快捷,充分发挥了计算机的特点,使之能够用来指导电机设计方案的快速优化和不断的改进。然后,根据低速大转矩永磁同步电动机的数学模型进行了编程,对电机的起动过程进行了基于MATLAB程序语言的仿真。通过仿真,对起动过程中电机参数变化对起动工况的影响进行了一定的分析,分析的结果将用于指导电机的参数的优化设计。应用MATLAB语言的起动过程仿真,由于是基于数学模型的仿真,忽略了一些非线性因素,包括电机饱和等一些常见问题,造成的实验结果失真,很难准确计算电机的瞬态参数。解决这一问题的有效途径是采用有限元分析法。论文最后采用了AnsoftMaxwell电磁分析软件,通过基于场路耦合的计算方法,可以尽乎精确地计算电机瞬态性能参数,并通过不断地调整设计值,得到一个相对满意的电磁设计方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 In some machines,such as elevator traction machines,petroleum machines,large machine tools,mining machinery and lifting machinery,the mechanical energy which is transferred from electric network is transmitted to the load to finish doing work by the middle part consisted of large body,multistage reduction gears mechanism and drive mechanism,which are made of many iron and steel materials in manufacture.Instead of mechanical reductors,low speed and high torque PMSM are used for driving directly.The various disadvantages will be overcome fundamentally.Therefore,the development of low speed and high torque PMSM for gearless drive system has become one of the currently significant tasks.Based on this thinking,the paper presents following several aspects of the work:At first,this design is normal power supply;don’t make use of frequency converter. How to increase the motor starting torque and decrease starting current to ensure motor in working order is the emphasis of design.With this issue,reference asynchronous starting PMSM electromagnetism design to calculate mining machinery parameters.Analyze asynchronous starting PMSM’s design features and try to make a reasonable electromagnetism design base on the features of multipolar line-start PMSM.Secondly,make use of MATLAB tum the manual calculation into the computer programs.Make the design process more convenient,faster and make the best of computer’s characteristics by the methods of image interpolation and curve fit.The CAD program can be used to optimize the electromagnetism design schemes and improve the design precision rapidly.Then,study the motor’s starting simulation process.The starting process of the motor is simulated according to its mathematical model of low-speed and high-torque PMSM in the d-q-0 coordinate base on MATLAB.By simulation,the factors affect starting performances of motor are presented.It can be used to optimize performance indexes and starting characteristic. Base on the mathematical model,MATLAB is applied in the simulation of starting process.Some nonlinear factors including saturation etc.are neglected.So,it’s hard to calculate the transient parameters accurately with experiment distortion.Base on a large amount of numerical calculation,the FEM is an effective means to solve these problems. The commercial electromagnetic analysis software package Ansoft Maxwell has been used for magnetic field analysis,allowing nonlinear material properties and structural details to be considered.The transient parameters of the motor under rated load can be calculated by FEM base on the field-circuit coupled method.The reasonable electromagnetism design scheme comes true by adjusting the design value continuously.更多还原