【作者】 唐娟；

【导师】 林开春；

【作者基本信息】 华中农业大学 ， 农药学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 通过常规微生物形态学观察和生理生化特性鉴定,结果表明菌株C和L-3在分类学上均属于地衣芽孢杆菌。经对两菌株摇瓶发酵液抑菌活性初步测定,表明其对玉米小斑病菌（Bipolaris maydis）、小麦赤霉病菌（Fusarium graminearum）、莴苣菌核病菌（Sclerotinia sclerotiorum）等11种植物原真菌具有较强的抑制作用,而对根癌土杆菌（Agrobacterium tumefaciens）、花生青枯病菌（Pseudomonassolanacearum）等6种病原细菌基本无抑制活性;以玉米小斑病菌为指示菌,对两菌株发酵液的除菌上清和菌体,分别进行了活性检测试验,结果表明,活菌体有抑菌活性,且抑菌活性物质均在发酵培养的过程中产生,该活性物质可被60%固体（NH4）₂ SO₄沉淀,初步确定此类活性物质为蛋白质。以小麦、玉米、白菜的种子为试验材料,在室内测定两个菌株发酵液对三种作物种子萌发的影响试验,结果表明:两菌株的除菌上清液中含有可刺激作物种子萌发的活性物质,且对所试的禾本科作物种子促进萌发的效果较好,而对白菜种子则不明显。试验确定了此活性物质并非培养基中的营养组分,而是在发酵培养的过程中,由菌体分泌产生的代谢产物。通过尾穗苋黄化苗子叶苋红合成法测定,此类活性物质可能是细胞分裂素。通过小麦盆栽和玉米田间试验,分别测定了菌株C和L-3的发酵液对作物生长的刺激作用,在所设置的三个处理,即:喷叶、灌根和喷叶+灌根处理中,喷叶+灌根处理的效果最好,可以在一定程度上提高小麦和玉米的产量。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the morphological,physiological and biochemical features, bacterium C and L-3 are identified as Bacillus Iicheniformis.The two strains can control 11 plant diseases which caused funguns,such as Fusarium graminearum,Bipolaris maydis and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum,by mensurating the antimicrobial activity of zymotic fluid,but there is no obvious activty to the 6 bacterium in the test.Trough the determination of biological activity,supernatant and thalli of two strains restrain Bipolaris maydis which is as a direction.It shows that antimicrobial substance is prouduced at fermenting,and the substance is confirmed as a protein primarily,because it can be deposited by 60%（NH4）₂ SO₄.Determining the hormesis of zymotic fluid of the two stains to three plant seeds, which indicate activity substance in supernatant to stimulate plant growth,and the effect of wheat and corn is much better than that of cabbage.The results show that the substance is not component of culture medium,but the metabolite excreted by the stains. Trough synthesizing Amaranthin by yellow seedling of Amaranthus Gandatus L.,it may be a Cytomin.According to potted plant of wheat and field trial of corn with different treatments, the result of spraying zymotic fluid over leaves and irrigating it in root synchronously demonstrated that the output of wheat and corn can be improved.更多还原