【作者】 杨洪滨；

【导师】 王宗贤；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学 ， 应用化学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文通过热处理法降低原料渣油的蜡含量,并调制出基质沥青-YH沥青,将它与两种沥青TH和SH沥青作对比,重点考察老化时间和温度对沥青组成及性质的影响。并利用元素组成、1H-NMR及XPS等多种分析手段,对TH、SH沥青老化前后的结构及特征官能团进行了表征,在以上研究的基础上对沥青的老化机理进行了初步探讨。另外,本论文通过SBS改性的方法提高了YH沥青的各项性能,特别是抗老化性能。随老化时间的延长、老化温度的升高,沥青四组分的变化趋势为:饱和分基本不变,芳香分和胶质明显减少,沥青质明显增加。老化过程中,沥青的针入度呈指数衰减,软化点线性增加,延度减小但并未呈现明显的线性关系,沥青的胶体不稳定指数逐渐增加。试验结果表明沥青老化为一级动力学反应。沥青老化前后结构参数的变化表明,沥青的组成和结构对其老化性能有较大影响,沥青各组分结构上的不连续性导致其抗老化性能较差,同时老化过程中发生了芳香环系的缩合反应。通过XPS分析可以看出,沥青老化过程中,伴随有羰基和亚砜官能团的生成。通过对沥青老化机理的探讨,发现沥青的老化是一个缓慢的自氧化过程,氧化反应符合自由基反应历程。通过考察SBS剂量及稳定剂用量对改性沥青性能的影响,可以得出,适合自制YH沥青的SBS用量为4.0%-5.0%;适合YH沥青的稳定剂用量为0.15%-0.25%。通过对沥青改性前后性能及组成的分析,可以看出,改性剂的掺入引起了沥青组分的重新分配;稳定剂对SBS改性沥青的相容稳定性具有很好的改善作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The vacuum residue was dewaxed by thermal treatment to form the basic asphalt-YH. YH, TH and SH asphalts were taken as testing samples to ivestigate their group fractions and chemical\physical properties. The changes of special functional group and molecular structure of TH and SH asphalts during thermal aging were investigated by a series of analysises, such as elemental analysis, 1H-NMR and XPS. On the basis of above studies, the aging mechanism of asphalt was preliminary studied. The performance of the asphalt was markedly improved by the effective addition of SBS, especially its anti-aging property.The trend of the group fractions was, when asphalt aged, saturates essentially constant, aromatics and resins decreased, whereas asphaltene increased evidently. Meanwhile, the results about properties were as follows: penetration decreased in term of index, softening point increased linearly, lower ductility and colloid instable index increased. The results showed that the aging of paving asphalt was attributed to first order reaction.The molecular structural change in aging proved that, the composition and structure of paving asphalt had large influence on the aging performance of paving asphalt, the structural discontinuity of asphalt components led to the poor of the aging resistant performance of asphalt. The condensation reaction of aromatic ring was occurred. Functional groups such as carbonyl and sulfoxide formed during aging of asphalt. The aging reaction was on radical reaction mechanism.The effect of the modifier and stabilizer quantity on the properties of modified asphalt was analyzed. The optimal dosage of modifier was 4.0%-5.0% and that of stabilizer was 0.15%-0.25%. A comprehensive evaluation of performance and composition was made in this thesis. It was found that the change of the group fractions due to modifier dosage, the stabilizer improved miscible stability of SBS modified asphalt.更多还原