【作者】 高德波；

【导师】 陈月明； 侯健；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学 ， 油气田开发工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,我国东部大部分油田都已经进入特高含水期,该阶段是油田重要的开采阶段,有相当一部分剩余可采储量将在这一阶段采出。但是经过长时间的注水冲刷,油藏储层宏观参数已经发生很大变化,导致油田流体呈现出特殊的渗流特征。储层微观参数变化是宏观参数变化的内在原因,因此,从微观和宏观尺度开展特高含水期油藏特有的开发规律及其影响因素研究,深入认识该阶段渗流特征,有助于进一步改善油藏开发效果,提高最终原油采收率。本文结合胜利油田资料,在对相对渗透率实验数据进行分析的基础上,基于不同尺度,开展了储层参数变化对渗流的影响规律研究。在微观网络模拟研究中,建立了三维微观网络模型,讨论了喉道半径、形状因子、配位数等微观参数对宏观参数的影响,并建立了储层宏观参数变化的综合模式。在油藏数值模拟研究过程中,考虑了孔隙度、渗透率和相渗曲线等宏观参数变化进行了数值模拟器的改进,并进行了单因素和储层参数综合变化情况下对预测采收率的影响。针对特高含水开发期呈现出的特殊的油藏静态及动态特征,最终确立了“储层微观参数-储层宏观参数-开发规律”之间内在关系,理论探讨储层参数变化因素对渗流特征和开发规律产生的影响。微观模拟结果表明,各微观影响参数中,对孔隙度影响较大的因素为喉道半径;对渗透率影响较大的因素包括喉道半径、喉道半径均质系数、孔喉比、配位数;而对相对渗透率影响较大的因素包括喉道半径均质系数、孔喉比、润湿性、孔喉形状、配位数。数值模拟结果表明,在本文参数讨论范围内,渗透率对采收率影响较大,预测采收率最大下降1～3%,而孔隙度对采收率影响相对较小,预测采收率下降值在0.5%以内。考虑相对渗透率变化,预测采收率上升,最大可提高3～6%左右。而在考虑三种变化参数后所讨论的外在静动态影响因素中,油藏非均质性的影响是最大的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Most of the oilfields in east China had entered the ultra-high water cut stage, which was an important stage and quite a few remaining recoverable reserves were developed in the stage. The change of formation macroscopic parameters because of long-term water injection caused the special seepage characteristics of reservoir fluids. The change of microscopic parameters was the internal reason of the change of macroscopic parameters. Therefore, the study of development rules and influential factors from the aspect of macroscopic and microscopic scales and the in-depth understanding of the seepage characteristics in the stage were conducive to the improvement of development effect and enhancement of ultimate oil recovery.On the basis of the analysis of the relative permeability curves, the effect of formation parameters change on seepage characteristics was investigated from different scales with the combination of the data in Shengli oilfield. Three dimensional network model was established in the process of microscopic network study. The effect of pore throat radius, shape factor and coordination number on macroscopic parameters was discussed and the comprehensive mode of formation parameters was developed. In reservoir numerical study, porosity, permeability and relative permeability curve were taken into consideration to improve the reservoir numerical simulator and the effect of single factor and comprehensive change on predicted oil recovery was researched. The internal relationship between formation microscopic parameter, macroscopic parameters and development rules was determined with the aim to understand the special static and dynamic characteristics in ultra high water cut stage.It was indicated in the microscopic study that the predominately influential factor of porosity was pore throat radius; the mainly influential factors of permeability were pore throat radius, homogeneity coefficient of pore throat radius, pore throat radius aspect ratio and coordination number; and the chief influential factors of relative permeability curve were homogeneity coefficient of pore throat radius, pore throat radius aspect ratio, wettability, pore throat shape and coordination number. The numerical simulation study results showed that permeability had great impact on oil recovery and the predicted oil recovery could decrease 1～3% while porosity had less influence on oil recovery and the predicted oil recovery could decrease about 0.5%; if the relative permeability curve was taken into account, the predicted oil recovery could increase 3～6%. Reservoir heterogeneity was the most important factor in the discussion of static and dynamic influential factors after taking the three parameters into account.更多还原