【作者】 张浩；

【导师】 朱春波；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 仪器科学与技术， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 能源短缺问题是世界上最严重的问题之一。目前几乎所有国家都把石油置于能源战略的核心位置。石油是工业的血液,而泥浆在石油的勘探开发中占有极其重要的地位。半个世纪以来,泥浆的性能和大部分相关技术一直在飞速的发展,但是对于泥浆密度的检测技术却一直发展很慢。密度是泥浆的一个重要参数,可是目前检测泥浆密度的仪器或者设备笨重,或者操作繁琐,这些都给现场测量带来了不便。本课题的目的正是为了改进泥浆密度测试系统检测时繁琐而不便的局面。系统采用了超声检测的方法。超声检测是目前世界上技术最为成熟的检测手段之一。超声检测不仅测量方便,而且能有效地减小测量设备的体积和重量,使简单而方便的检测泥浆密度成为可能。本论文对利用超声检测泥浆密度进行了比较全面的研究。首先对超声波换能器的特性进行了研究和分析。然后对超声检测的原理进行了介绍,其中着重分析了泥浆密度的变化对超声波信号的影响,并详细地探讨了超声波信号分别在低密度和高密度泥浆中传播时的衰减情况。其次,在此基础上设计了超声波泥浆密度测试系统并建立了泥浆密度与超声衰减的关系。系统主要包括超声波发射电路、接收电路以及实现电压信号的参数采集、处理和显示功能的数字电路部分。接着介绍了软件部分具体的程序设计以及所采用的控制策略。该方案基本实现了对1到1.5g/cm3范围内泥浆密度的测量。最后,论文对实验数据进行了分析,并指出了该系统目前存在的问题和不足,并提出了改进方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 The energy shortage is one of the most serious problems in the world. At present, almost all of the countries set petroleum at the core position of the energy strategy. Petroleum is the blood of industry, and mud has an extremely important status in the petroleum exploration. In these 50 years, the development of the performance and most related technologies are continuously rapid, but the development of the mud density detection technology is very slow. Density is an important parameter of the mud, however, the existing equipments for detecting mud density are either ponderous or troublesome, and all of these bring inconvenience to the detection scene.The purpose of this paper is to improve the testing system. The system uses the ultrasonic testing. Ultrasonic testing is one of the most mature testing technologies. Ultrasonic testing is not only convenient, but also reduces the size and weight of testing equipments effectively, and it make testing mud density simple and convenient.Testing the mud density by ultrasonic is introduced in this thesis. First, the behaviors of the ultrasonic transducer are studied and analyzed. Next, the theory of ultrasonic detection is introduced. It gives emphasis on the relationship of the mud density and ultrasonic signal, as well as the different effects ultrasonic attenuation when ultrasonic signal transmits in the mud with different densities. Then, the mud density test system has been developed on the basis of them. The system includes emission circuit, receiving circuit and digital circuit which can acquire and process the voltage signal. And then, the software design and the control strategy are introduced. This scheme has realized the detection of mud density between 1 and 1.5g/cm3. At last, the experiment data are analyzed. The bugs are summarized, and further work for improving the quality of the system is indicated.更多还原