【作者】 郭德国；

【导师】 王威强；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 化工过程机械， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 超临界流体染色(Supercritical Fluid Dying,简称“SFD”)是21世纪最具活力的绿色染色方法之一,文中首先综述了SFD工艺和装置的研究现状,归纳了SFD的参数,指出了SFD工艺和核心设备—染纱器所存的问题,并针对存在的问题,提出了染纱器的设计思想,介绍了染纱器结构的由来,并给出了连续式染纱器的设计方法。所设计的超临界流体染纱器功能齐全,集染色、清洗浮色于一体,不仅实现了均匀染色,而且实现了连续化操作,节约了资源,又减少了染色的时间,易于工业放大。通过归纳分析目前超临界流体染色工艺及所设计染纱器的特点,确定了动态染色工艺,给出了染色工艺参数,并给出了整套染色装置的设计方法,包括循环泵、加热器、冷却器和二氧化碳储罐等设备,确定了各设备的结构尺寸,并进行了强度校核计算。所确定的动态染色工艺可以涵盖目前市场上绝大多数的织物和纱线,实现了均匀染色。将流体穿过筒纱的模型简化为流体穿过多孔介质的二维轴对称模型,建立了纱仓流场数值模拟的计算模型,并利用FLUENT软件自带的多孔介质模型对纱仓流场进行了数值模拟,找出了影响纱仓流场的各个因素,确定了流体分布器的结构:开孔直径5mm、开孔率0.6。在流场模拟结果的基础上,将开孔均布的筒管改为轴向上开孔率不同的五段式筒管,并设计了正交试验,得到了最优的筒管开孔情况,即筒管各段的开孔率分别为0.5、0.1、0.3、0.1和0.4。所取得的模拟结果,为纱仓结构的优化提供了依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Supercritical fluid dyeing （SFD） is one of the most vigorous green dyeing in 21^st century. The general situation of the equipment and process of SFD is summarized in this paper, the parameters of SFD-Process are induced, and existing problems of SFD-Process and yarn-dyeing equipment which is the key equipment are pointed out. Concerning the existing problems, design idea of yarn-dyeing equipment is pointed out, and design method of continuous equipment of yarn-dyeing is put forward. The function of continuous supercritical fluid yarn-dyeing is complete, for it combines dyeing with cleaning. The equipment can realize not only continuous operation but also level dyeing which result in saving resource and reducing dyeing time.By summarizing and analyzing the characteristics of SFD-Process and the continuous yarn-dyeing equipment, dynamic process is determined, dyeing parameters are given out, design method of the whole device including of the circulating pump, the heater, the cooler, the tank for CO₂ and so on is pointed out, structural sizes of the equipments are given out, and strength of the equipment is checked. The dynamic process can be use of dyeing most of fabrics in market.Supercritical fluid flow through yarn packages is modeled as 2-D, axisymmetric flow through porous media, a calculated model is established for numerical simulation. Using the porous model with FLUENT software, the author simulated the inside flow-field of canister for holding yarn and found the factor that influence the flow-field of canister and determine the dimension of fluid distributor that the diameter of circular opening is 5mm and porosity is 0.6. On the basis of flow-field, the author change bobbin that composed of uniform distribution opening to the five parts bobbin of which porosity is different in axial direction. And then orthogonal test is designed, optimal opening conditions is obtained, that is, the porosity of each part is 0.5, 0.1, 0.3, 0.1 and 0.4. The whole numerical simulation effect offers a guide for the optimizing of canister structure.更多还原