数控液压伺服系统研究及在机床改造中的应用

【作者】 孙如军；

【导师】 张进生；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文作者认为:随着液压伺服控制技术的发展,液压伺服系统的应用越来越厂泛,随之液压伺服控制也出现了一些新的特点,例如环境和任务复杂,普遍存在较大程度的参数变化和外负载干扰及交联耦合的影响;非线性的影响,特别是阀控动力机构流量非线性的影响;有高的频宽要求及静动态精度的要求,需优化系统的性能;计算机控制与数字化及离散化带来的问题;如何通过“软件伺服”达到简化系统及部件结构的目的;针对这些特点,新的环境对液压伺服控制策略提出了下述要求:应尽量满足系统的静、动态精度要求,严格的优化设计使系统做到快速而无超调;对时变、外负载干扰和交联耦合以及非线性因素引起的不定性,控制系统应呈现较强的鲁棒性。控制策略应具有较强的智能;控制律、控制算法应力求简单可行;系统应有较高的效率。本文通过对传统的液压伺服系统的优缺点进行分析,针对在新的环境对液压伺服控制策略提出了新的要求,设计出一种数控液压伺服系统,以此来代替了传统的液压伺服系统,在研制过程中着重对系统从下四个方面进行分析。数控液压伺服阀的结构和工作原理;数控液压伺服油缸的性能分析;数控液压伺服油缸的精度分析;数控液压伺服油缸的快速性和稳定性。本文所设计的数控液压伺服系统技术成熟后,我们分别和上海会如机械制造公司和咸阳风机厂进行了合作,在机床的调速系统改造和风机制造专用设备制造中进行了应用。分析和应用结果表明以数控液压伺服系统代替传统液压伺服系统后,体现出三个优点;体积小,重量轻,惯性小,可靠性好,输出功率大,快速性好;刚度大(即输出位移受外负载影响小),定位准确;抗污染能力强,易维护和使用。此外,利用本套数控液压伺服系统对机床的调速系统进行改造,简化了控制方式和液压系统,提高精度和工作效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 The author of this paper think that the range of application of hydraulic servo system is wider and wider with the development of hydraulic servo control technology, and some new characteristics appears Immediately. for example, the environment and mission are complicated, the influence to system of wider range of parameter variety、greater degree of external load interference and Cross link bonding appears; the Nonlinearity influence also exist, especially the influence of VRLA actuating unit Nonlinear Flow rate; high standard of bandwidth and dynamic static accuracy is needed to optimize the performance of the system; Computer control, digitization and discretization cause some new problems; how to reach the goals of simplifying the system and subunit construction through "software servo". According to the peculiarities, the following requirements is proposed about control policy of hydraulic servo:The strict Optimized design to acquire the static and dynamic accuracy of the system to the most degree without overshoot. Strong robustness should be presented in the control system, and it is to fit the ambiguity caused by time-varying, external load interference, cross link banding and non-linear factors; The control system should be more intelligent; Control law and control algorithm can be as simple and feasible as possible; The control system should be highly efficientA kind of numerical control hydraulic servo control system is presented and developed in the paper according to new demand of new environment to hydraulic servo control system strategy and through analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the conditional hydraulic servo control system. in the same time, the following four aspects of system in the developing progress is analyzed.The structure and principle of numerical control hydraulic servo valve; The performance analysis of numerical control hydraulic servo cylinder; The precision analysis of numerical control hydraulic servo cylinder; The rapidity and stability of numerical control hydraulic servo cylinder.After the technology of numerical control hydraulic servo system designed by this paper is mature, we cooperate respectively with SHANGHAI HUIRU Machinery Manufacture Company and XIANYANG Fan Factory and apply the new technology into the speed control system transformation of machine tool and manufacturing of fan manufacturing equipmentThe result of analysis and application indicated that numerical control hydraulic servo system have three merits instead of traditional hydraulic servo system: small volume light weight small inertia high reliability big output power good rapidity; big stiffness(namely small influence of output displacement to outer loading) accurate location; high anti-pollution capacity easy to maintain and use; in addition, the kind of numerical control hydraulic servo system is used to reconstruct the speed-adjusting system of plane grinding machine. and simplified its control method and hydraulic system, increased its accuracy and efficiency.更多还原