【作者】 王瑞卿；

【导师】 魏守水；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 生物医学工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 传统中医诊断的信息来源主要是望、闻、问、切,又称“四诊”。作为切诊的重要内容,对脉搏的诊断是获取病人健康状况信息的一种重要途径。但是传统中医脉诊过于依赖医生的主观评价,缺乏客观的定量标准。脉诊客观化研究正是力图建立起客观的诊断标准来解决这些问题。本文通过总结前人的经验,结合当前脉诊客观化研究的新进展,以现代中医理论《金氏脉学》为理论依据,使用现代数字信号处理理论对脉诊客观化研究过程中的信息处理技术进行了探讨。传统脉诊理论以大量诊断经验为基础,缺乏客观判据,对不同脉象进行判断的主观随意性较大,而基于计算机的脉诊研究依赖客观判据,这种矛盾极大地阻碍了脉诊客观化发展的进程。金氏脉学汲取了传统中医脉学整体观和辨证观的理论思想,通过数学手段对疾病基本做到定位、定性、定量诊断,在发展了传统脉学理论的同时与传统脉学理论又有根本的区别,为脉诊的客观化提供了可行性。在脉搏信号采集方面,综合应用现代检测技术与信号处理理论,依据金氏脉学的分层取脉思想,设计了独特的脉搏自动分层测量系统。为了实现数字信号的自动采集,本系统使用PCI数据采集卡将压力传感器的模拟信号转换成数字信号,然后利用上层处理软件进行脉搏波的处理、分析与显示。在脉搏波预处理方面,利用本文提出的基于经验模态分解的多带滤波器进行脉搏波的基线消除,并分别与形态滤波(Morphology)、有限冲击响应滤波(FIR)和样条估计这三种方法进行了比较,从仿真数据可以看出该方法取得了较好的滤波效果。在脉搏信号的特征分析方面,从时域和频域两个方面对脉搏信号进行分析。另外把经验模态分解(EMD)、Hilbert-Huang变换和倒谱分析应用到脉搏波的特征提取中,具有创新性,并取得了初步的成功。在前面脉象特征提取的基础上,选定9个能表征脉象实质的特征参数构成脉象识别的特征向量,使用基于改进型二叉树的支持向量机方法对7种基本脉象进行了分类识别。并与有向无环图SVM和神经网络方法进行了比较,正确识别率提高了3-6个百分点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) diagnosis acquires pathological information through observing, smelling, asking and touching, which are also called "Four Diagnosis". As a major part of touching, pulse diagnosis becomes an important method to find out health status of patients. However, TCM, lack of quantitative standard, excessively relies on doctor’s subjective judgment. So, objectivizing of TCM tries to establish diagnosis standard in order to solve these problems.This paper summarizes from both success and defeat of our predecessors in this field. Based on <Jin Shi Pulse Theory> as TCM principle, it utilizes advanced digital signal processing technique to make further research into information processing technique of Pulse Diagnosis Objectivization.Mainly according to diagnosing experience, traditional pulse diagnosis is lack of objective standard, inconsistently, computer-based pulse diagnosis device, however, depends on the quantitative principles. <Jin Shi Pulse Theory> provides a good solution for this inconsistency and makes TCM Objectivization possible and feasible. It not only assimilates integral viewpoint of TCM, but also makes quantitative diagnosis by mathematic method. More importantly, <Jin Shi Pulse Theory> develops TCM theory; meanwhile, it makes a radical difference comparing to TCM.Concerning about pulse signal collection, we apply modern Measurement Technique and signal processing theory, design unique pulse automatic and layered measuring system. In order to collect digital signal in real-time, this system utilizes PCI data collecting card to transform analog signals into digital signals, and then data processing program to carry out signal analysing and displaying.In the aspect of pulse signal pre-processing, this paper proposes a new EMD (Empirical Module Decomposition) based filter to remove baseline wander. Additionally, we made simulated experiments and evaluated its validity by quantitatively comparing with morphology filter, time variant filter and spline Estimation. The results showed that the proposed algorithm is efficient in removing pulse baseline wander.In the aspect of pulse characteristics extraction, we not only make comprehensive analysis from time and frequency field, but also creatively apply EMD, Hibert-Huang Transform and Cepstrum Analysis into pulse characteristics extraction. We can find out that these parameters are efficient in the following classification process.Following the pulse characteristics extraction above, we choose 9 characteristics parameters to construct characteristics vector, and utilize improved Binomial Tree based SVM (Support Vector Machine) to execute classification of 7 typical kinds of pulse. Finally, we compare this algorithm with DAG (Directed Acyclic Graphs) SVM and Neural Network, and we find that right identification rate increases about 3-6 percent.更多还原