【作者】 唐俊芳；

【导师】 张志庆；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 比较文学与世界， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 托马斯·哈代的小说,特别是他的“威塞克斯小说”,对后世产生了巨大的影响,在英国文学史上占有重要地位。他在50多年的创作生涯中,形成了独特的创作风格。本文主要对托马斯·哈代的创作意识进行研究,挖掘作家在创作中表现出的强烈的乡土意识、悲剧意识、基督教意识,透视作家对社会问题的思考与见解。序论概述托马斯·哈代的文学成就,并引出本文论题,对托斯·哈代的三种创作意识进行简要分析,并阐述研究其创作意识的意义及本论文的创新之处。正文论文共分三章,主要是以哈代的“威塞克斯小说”为主,对托马斯·哈代的创作意识进行具体阐释,分析每种创作意识的内涵、形成过程、在作品中的表现形式及其价值、意义。第一章、哈代小说的乡土意识。第一节,哈代和他的家乡。讨论哈代小说乡土意识产生的原因。第二节,威塞克斯世界中的乡土情结。说明哈代创作中的乡土意识主要表现在自然情结、宗法情结、和民俗情结上。托马斯·哈代终生对故土的关注,奠定了他在英国文坛乡土大师的地位。第二章、哈代小说的悲剧意识。第一节,威塞克斯-——悲剧的世界。着重探讨哈代小说的由欢快的牧歌渐渐演变为忧郁的咏叹的过程,第二节,哈代悲剧意识的根源。从生活环境、社会根源及自身认识论的发展三方面阐述哈代小说创作中的悲剧意识由个体生命的悲剧性冲突,上升为人类的悲剧性,由个人的社会困惑,发展为人类的宇宙困惑的过程,体现了哈代对悲剧的终生思考。第三章、哈代小说的基督教意识。第一节,哈代和基督教。从哈代的生长环境、个人经历、社会条件及英国传统文化分析他的基督教思想的变化过程。第二节,威塞克斯世界里的基督教。分析作品中人物的宗教观的变化,反映出哈代对基督教精神的探索,对基督教教义中的那些真善美的眷恋,对教条主义,机械主义,形式主义宗教持批判和否定的态度。结束语对正文部分进行总结和补充,托马斯·哈代的三种创作意识表明他作为一个有责任感的作家,关注农民的生存状况,关注农村的变化。更多还原

【Abstract】 The novels by Thomas Hardy,especially those character and environment novels have made a great impact upon later centuries,which occupied an important position in English literature.He has formed his special style in his 50-year writing career.The article mainly makes a study of Thomas Hardy’s consciousness in writing, in order to dig out the strong local consciousness、tragic consciousness、Christian consciousness reflected in writing,as well as the viewpoint towards the issue of and the society.The preface generally introduces Thomas Hardy’s achievement in literature,and then educes the article’s thesis.Meanwhile,it simply analyzes Thomas Hardy’s achievement in literature and educes the article’s thesis.Meanwhile,it also simply analyzes Thomas Hardy’s writing consciousnesses and sets forth the significance of these writing consciousnesses.The test mainly interprets Thomas Hardy’s consciousnesses in writing and analyzes every consciousness’s connotation,the forming process,the style as well as its value and meaning.Chapter 1:local consciousness of novels by Thomas Hardy.The first section was about Thomas Hardy and his homeland discussed the cause of local consciousness.The second section was about local consciousness in his Wessex novels,it shows his concern of nature,patriarchal clan system and folk-custom and thus lays the foundation of his position in literary circle.ChapterⅡdeals with the tragic consciousness of Hardy’s novel.The first section is about Wessex—the world full of tragedy.This chapter focuses on the gradual development of the novel from jubilant Pastoral into melancholy miserable process. The second section approaches the root causes of the sense of tragedy,and state,in the three aspects such as living environment,social causes arid the development of its own epistemology,the awareness of the tragedy in Hardy’s novel develop from the tragic conflict of the individual life into the one of human beings,from the puzzling society to the puzzling universe of mankind,which embodies the Hardy’s life thinking over the tragedy and his being beyond the realistic and traditional arts. ChapterⅢis about the Christian consciousness of Hardy’s novels.The first section deal with Hardy and Christianity.and analyze the change of Hardy’s Christian thinking in the aspects:his growing environment,personal experiences,social conditions and the British traditional culture.The second section approaches the Christian in Wessex’s world,and analyzes the changes of religious relief of the characters in the work,reflecting Hardy’s exploration of the Christian spirit,his missing goodness and beauty in the Christian teachings,and his criticism and negative attitude towards dogmatism,machinery,and formalism religionsConcluding remarks summarize and add the body and added that Thomas Hardy’s three senses of creation shows that he,as a writer with a sense of responsibility,concern about the living conditions of farmers and the change of rural areas.更多还原