【作者】 郭彧；

【导师】 刘昌明；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 国际关系， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 美国与东亚的关系一直以来是国际关系研究的热门领域。近年来,随着中国崛起的态势日趋明显,美国的东亚政策因其与中国国家利益的紧密相关度而得到了国内外学术界的关注。本文力图通过对美国的东亚地区秩序观的考察,从政策制定背后的根本观念入手,实现对未来美国的东亚政策的研究和预测。本文在进行对美国东亚政策的研究时,选取了一个带有政策与观念双重意义的概念来研究:美国的东亚地区秩序观,即美国对东亚地区秩序的构建、转型持有的观念。在研究对象文本的选取上,既可以考察业已成文的美国的东亚政策,也可以考察美国大战略、美国学术界不同流派的理论观点,通过研究它们对政策的影响,来实现本文预设的研究目的。第一部分对本文研究的基本概念秩序、地区秩序做出阐释,并简要介绍本文的思路。地区秩序不能简单地看作是国际秩序在地区范围的表现,“与国际秩序相比,地区秩序更强调地缘政治的基础和带有区域价值色彩的地区规范,地区秩序涉及地区内外交、经济、军事、法律、社会等方面,是关于地区体系内处理国家之间互动的方法、规定、安排和体制。”在此种认识的基础上,本文提炼出了构建地区秩序的三个要素。第二部分讨论美国东亚地区秩序观发展的国际环境。国际环境对一国的政治观念及外交政策具有现实基础和约束塑造的作用。本文运用大量数据论证了当前东亚地区秩序处于美国的不完全霸权中。这种现实格局约束着美国对东亚政策始终沿着传统现实主义的路线发展,既强调大国平衡和均势,又注重加强地区内由美国主导的地区机制建设,以此防止崛起大国的挑战和推进美国利益在该地区的维护、发展。第三部分讨论美国大战略对本文研究对象的思想决定作用。美国大战略作为最高层次的国家发展战略深刻的影响着其外交理念和政策的发展。大战略背后的现实主义、自由主义、新保守主义、孤立主义等政治观念融合在一起组成了美国外交政策的理论图谱。在东亚,传统现实主义始终居于长期的主流地位,这对塑造美国的东亚地区秩序观起到了极为重要的作用。重视大国权力均势,约束规范地区合作机制、压制该地区地区意识的萌发和地区主义的发展,成为美国东亚地区秩序观的鲜明特征。第四部分对美国东亚地区秩序观的具体观念思想、政策主张进行梳理归纳,并着重从现实层面对未来东亚地区秩序的演进进行论述分析。东亚地区秩序的演进受到美国这个区域外大国的主导,这个进程将会持续相当长的时期。在美国主导东亚事务决心不改变的情况下,只有大国崛起导致的区域权力结构变化和东亚地区主义的发展能够在根本上影响这种历史进程的演进。更多还原

【Abstract】 The relationship between the United States and East Asia always is the popular area in International Relations Studies, and U.S. East Asia policy have got more attention from the academic circle because of its close relation related to China’s national interest under the situation of China’s rising is gradually obvious in recent years. This thesis will carry on the research of the concept behind the policy’s making, and try to see the future of the U.S. foreign policy towards East Asia.This thesis selects the U.S. concept of the regional order of East Asia which takes both policy and the idea dual meaning to study while carrying on the research toward the U.S. East Asia policy. This concept contained the view on the setting up and transforming of the East Asia’s regional order holding by the United States. The U.S policy on East Asia and the point view holding by the different schools in the academic circle in United States both can be used in this research. We can achieve purpose which was set up in the beginning of this research by analyze the concept and the view behind the policy made by the government.The first part explains the basic concept which contains order, regional order in this research, and introduces the logic of this thesis. In this research, the regional order can not be seen as the brief performance of international order at region scope. The concept of the regional order is a method, provision, arrangement and system on dealing with the interacting between nations. It involves diplomacy, economy, military, law inside the region, society etc. And it emphasizes the importance of the geopolitics and the region norms of the value and culture compared with the international order.The second part discusses the international environment of the development of the U.S. concept of the regional order in East Asia. The international environment has the function of fostering and shaping on a country’s political idea and the foreign policy. This thesis made use of a great deal of data to make conclusion that the regional order of East Asia is in the America’s semi-hegemony. This kind of realistic structure and form controls the United States policy in East Asia always along the tradition realism route development. It emphasize the great power and balance of power, and then pay attention to strengthen a predominant region mechanism construction from the United States, with this prevent from rising big power of challenge and push forward an American benefits in that region of maintenance.The third part discusses the decisive significance which the U.S. grand strategy takes to the object in this thesis. The United States’ grand strategy is the tallest layer of national security and development strategy influencing its diplomacy principle and policy deeply. The America’s grand strategy contains a pack of concept such as realism, liberalism, new conservatism, isolationism etc. In East Asia, traditional realism is always been in the essential position of long-term making a important function on shaping a stable regional order in East Asia. Valuing balancing of power, fostering the region cooperation regimes had become the distinctly characteristic of the U.S. concept of regional order in East Asia.The evolution of regional order of East Asia is subjected to the predominance of this outside big power in the region by the United States. This progress will keep on very long period. Under the circumstance that American predominance and decision in East Asia not change, only big power’s rising will cause the regional power structure’s changing and the development of doctrine in East Asia can at basically influence this kind of evolution of history progress.更多还原