【作者】 宋爽；

【导师】 马沛生；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 环境化工， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 N-甲酰吗啉(NFM)因其良好的选择性和热稳定性,作为抽提溶剂广泛的应用于芳烃抽提工艺。要进行相关的工艺设计或改进,必然需要相应NFM的物性数据和相平衡数据。密度和黏度数据是化合物的重要基础物性,是液体流动、传热和传质过程研究和工程计算中不可缺少的数据。本论文在常压下利用DA-505 U型振动管密度仪和乌氏毛细管黏度计分别测定了苯-NFM,甲苯-NFM,邻二甲苯-NFM,间二甲苯-NFM及对二甲苯-NFM五个二元体系的密度和黏度数据。计算出了每个体系的超额摩尔体积VE和混合黏度的变化Δη,并用Redlich-Kister型方程分别对VE和Δη进行了回归。相平衡数据是精馏、吸收、萃取、结晶等分离操作的重要计算或设计的依据,在化工数据中占有重要地位。为了准确地进行分离工艺和设备的设计,需要进行大量的实验测定工作。本研究用改进的Rose釜测定了101.3 kPa下苯-NFM,甲苯-NFM,邻二甲苯-NFM,间二甲苯-NFM及对二甲苯-NFM五个二元体系的等压汽液平衡数据。并采用Wilson和NRTL活度系数模型方程分别对这五个体系的汽液平衡实验数据进行了关联计算,得到了各个体系的模型参数。同时在101.3 kPa测定了苯-甲苯-NFM三元物系的等压汽液平衡数据,并采用Wilson模型方程,利用苯-NFM,甲苯-NFM和苯-甲苯三个二元体系汽液平衡数据对苯-甲苯-NFM三元体系平衡数据进行预测,并与实验数据进行比较,误差不大。更多还原

【Abstract】 N-Formylmorpholine (NFM) is widely used in the recovery of aromatic hydrocarbons as a solvent for its good selectivity and heat stability. In order to design or improve these processes, it is extremely important to determine the physical properties and phase equilibrium data of NFM containing systems.Experiment liquid densities and viscosities of pure compound and their mixtures are needed for the design of chemical processes in heat and mass transfers or fluid mechanics. Densities and viscosities of the ternary systems of benzene+NFM,toluene +NFM,o-xylene+NFM,m-xylene+NFM and p-xylene+NFM (298.15～353.15) K were determined under atmospheric pressure using a vibrating U-shaped sample tube densimeter (model DA-505U) and a Ubbelohde suspended-level viscometer respectively. Density data were used in determination of excess molar volume and viscosity data were used to calculate deviation of viscosity. The excess molar volume and deviation of viscosity were fitted by the Redlich-Kister equation.Equilibrium data is the basis for the design and computation of separating processes, such as distillation, absorption, extraction and crystallization. An abundance of experimental data is needed for an accurate design of separation processes and facilities.Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for benzene+NFM,toluene+NFM,o-xylene+NFM,m-xylene+NFM and p-xylene+NFM were measured at 101.33 kPa with an improved Rose equilibria cell. Wilson and NRTL equations were used to correlate the VLE data through the nonlinear least square method.Then the VLE data of benzene-toluene-NFM ternary system at 101.33kPa were measured and compared with the data predicted by Wilson model from the VLE data of the binary systems of benzene-NFM, toluene-NFM and benzene-toluene., and the deviations are acceptable.更多还原