【作者】 叶伟强；

【导师】 黄战华；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 光学工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 测距仪应用在距离测量和目标方位的确定上,不仅在常规的河道测量、建筑施工和线缆的铺设上而且在军事打击目标的确定,车辆防碰撞,机器人视觉等前沿科技上也有广泛的使用。本文在分析了现有的一些测距方法的优点及不足后,选择了双目视差作为测距系统的基本理论。基于双目视差的数字式测距仪是被动式、非接触测距仪,与主动式测距仪相比,无需发射信号,只被动接受信号,因此不易暴露己方目标,不接触被测物体,不影响被测物体性状,可重复测量;与传统的双目视差测距工具相比、自动匹配、自动测量,无须手工测算,具有快速、可靠性高的优点,在测距为500~6000m之间,其理论精度可达1%。本文对基于双目视差的数字式测距仪的原理、研制方案和实验等方面进行了系统的研究,完成的主要工作有:1、通过分析双目视差的原理,研究了系统结构参数与测量范围和精度的关系,在前期的基础上,改进设计了测距仪的结构设计。2、完成了基于双目视差的数字式测距仪的数据采集电路,包括CCD驱动电路与信号放大与滤波单元,信号数字化单元与缓存单元,系统控制以及数据处理控制电路。3、完成了上位机控制程序和数据处理的嵌入式软件设计。4、搭建了系统并进行了测试实验,通过对实验结果的分析,在实时性上和测量精度上对系统的硬件电路和数据处理算法进行验证。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rangefinders are widely used to measure distance or detect target orientation in earth measure, not only including river width measurement、architectural measurement construction and circuitry paving ,but also including vehicle avoiding collision、robot vision and military affairs and others high-tech field.The rangefinder system in this paper desided to base on binocular parallax after analyzing strongpoints and shortages of different distance measurements. The digital rangefinder based on binocular parallax is a passive, non-contact rangefinder which compared with active Rangefinders needn’t send signal, which only passively receive signal, so it is free to expose yourself.,what’s more, it doesn’t contact target, doesn’t influence the character of the measured object, so it can be repeated. Compared with traditional binocular parallax rangefinder ,the digital rangefinder needn’t manual measuring and calculation, which can match and calculation automatically,so it has high speed and precision and reliability. When its measuring scale between 500m and 6000m, academic precision can reach 1%.At this paper, we systemic research the theory, precept, manufacture of the Digital Rangefinders based on binocular parallax, we complete those work:1, By analyzing the theory of binocular parallax, we studied the relationship of structural parameter, measure scale and precision. Based on the other’s work ,improving the digital measurement structure design.2, Have completed the digital rangefinder’s signal collection and processing system, including drives of CCD, magnifying circuit and filter, ADC and buffer memory cell, system control and data processing cell.3, Completed the data processing programma on embedded system and control programma on PC.4, We setup the digital rangfinder and carry through measuring test. By analyzing the test data, validated the system circuit design and embedded data processing arithmetic on real-time and measurement precision.更多还原