【作者】 何江华；

【导师】 李佳；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 目前摆线旋分加工机床的专用性较强,不利于推广。为了使其具有通用性,本文通过原理分析与加工试验对摆线旋分加工方法做了大量的研究。论文首先从摆线发生的数学模型出发,给出了摆线的定义和参数方程,并阐述了摆线旋分加工原理。通过分析摆线各参数对摆线形状的影响,根据被加工零件的表面特征,将零件分为三类,即偶多边形及端面槽类、奇多边形类和渐开线类。在此基础上针对各类零件建立通用模型,在保证一定的逼近精度的前提下,以加工效率最高为目标,设计摆线参数优化算法。然后,根据优化的摆线参数,编制相应的数控程序进行实切验证。通过大量工艺试验,总结摆线旋分加工法的工艺特点以及刀具材料的选择方法,找出影响加工精度的主要因素,如刀具制造安装误差、主轴速比不稳定、主轴径向跳动、主轴同轴度、毛坯变形以及切削热等引起的误差。根据实切结果,对影响加工精度的主要因素进行了理论分析,提出适当的工艺改进方法,特别是对渐开线类零件进行分层切削,减小了加工误差。最后,给出各类零件的加工实例,证明了通用模型的可行性。通过本文的研究,摆线旋分机床扩大了其应用范围并达到了一定程度的通用性和有效性。文章最后还阐述了目前摆线旋分机床仍存在的需要进一步研究的问题,如切削速度以及切削热对加工精度的影响、加工过程中切削力的分析等。更多还原

【Abstract】 At the present time,the machine tool with the method of cycloid rotational indexing method was still a special machine, so that it could not be used widely. This paper studied a lot by analyzing its theory and machining experiment for its universal character. First, the definition and equation of cycloid was expatiated based on the mathematical model of cycloid, and then the machining principle of cycloid rotational indexing was described. The part was sorted to three ones according to its surface character, even polygons and slots, odd polygons and involutes. Based on it, universal models were builded for the three kinds of parts. On condition that the approximate error was in allowable range, the optimization algorithm to fix cycloid parameters was given for the objective of the highest machining efficiency. According to the cycloid parameters, the NC program was developed. Through a lot of machining experiments, this paper described the process character of the machining method and the method to select tool material, and found out factors that impact on the process precision, such as approximate error of tool, instability of spindles’speed rate, radial tremor of spindle, heat in machine cut and so on. And then some proposals on process were bring forward, specially machining the involutes with two layers. The last, it was proved that the models were correct with sample parts. Based on the study of this paper, the application range of the machine in cycloid rotational indexing method was extended and the machine got a universal character at a certain extent. At the end of the paper, some problem was described which needed more study about the machine, such as speed of machining, heat of machining, analysis of machine cutting force and so on.更多还原