【作者】 尹国惠；

【导师】 郑春玉；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古大学 ， 民商法学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 无效合同是相对有效合同而言的,是指合同虽然已经成立,但因其在内容上违反了法律、行政法规的强制性规定和社会公共利益而不产生法律效力的合同。传统的理论认为无效合同绝对、自始、当然地无效。在判定合同无效的过程中,自由、安全、正义和效益价值因素都起着巨大的作用,直接影响着无效合同的具体范围问题。一般而言,对于许多被我们称为无效的合同,由于其事关公共利益,其瑕疵程度达到了足以使其非归于无效不可的境地。但是事实上,通过对各种具体的无效合同形态的考察,我们就会发现,有些瑕疵只是事关私法自治原则,例如无行为能力人从事民事活动,它们并没有病到不可救药的地步,对于这样的合同,如果我们仍然坚持认为它们是确定的当然的无效,而不给予特定当事人以任何补救机会的话,那么,我们的法律所做的不是在维护私法自治原则,而是相反。由此,引发了笔者对无效合同及其效力补救的思考。笔者旨在通过本文,借助对无效法律行为的比较法考察,分析我国的合同无效制度所存在的不足,以期能完善我国合同无效制度。本文分为引言、正文和结论。论文正文部分共分为三章。第一章为无效合同概述部分,内容包括我国合同无效制度的现状与制度背景以及对无效合同的内涵界定,旨在为全文展开论述奠定理论基础。第二章内容为无效合同的判定,包括判定无效合同的价值准则以及不同国家、地区的合同无效的原因分析两个部分,通过本章分析论述,明确我国合同无效制度存在的缺憾与不足,从而为下文提出完善的设想铺平道路。第三章为本文的重点章节,其核心内容是无效合同的补救,包含无效合同效力补救的概念和性质,无效合同效力补救的理论基础以及无效合同效力补救的方式三部分内容,笔者在参考各位学者的观点的基础上,提出对无效合同效力补救的设想,从而完成全篇的主旨。更多还原

【Abstract】 Noneffective contract is a term which is contrary to effective contract. Although it has been formally established, it cannot function as an effective contract because in content it is against the laws, the compulsory rules of administration laws and the public benefit. Traditionally, this kind of contract is supposed to be absolutely, originally and surely noneffective. During the process of judging a noneffective contract, such factors as liberty, safety, justice and efficiency value all have great effect directly on the issue of the concrete range of noneffective contract.Generally speaking, for many of the so-called noneffective contact, because it is concerning about the public benefit, its blemish is too large to be listed into the noneffective contracts. Yet as a matter of fact, through the examination on the form of all kinds of noneffective contract, we could found, that some of the blemishes only concerning the principle of private law autonomy, for example, in the activity of an incompetence, and the contract of them is not absolutely incurable, if we insist on judging it a noneffective one, and not offering any opportunity for the very party to compensate, then what our laws are dealing with are not maintaining the principle of private autonomy, whereas, it is by the contraries. Accordingly, it inspires the consideration, of the author, on the noneffective contract and its efficiency remediation. Through this essay, the author aiming to, with the help of legal analysis of noneffective action, analyze the limitation of noneffective contract system in China, and further to consummate this system in China.This essay consists of introduction, text and conclusion. The text of the essay is comprised by three chapters. In chapter one, it is a general description of the noneffective contract, and the content including the situation and system background of noneffective system in China, and the connotation defining, aiming to pave the way for the theory basis for the deploying of the whole essay. And chapter two focuses on the justification of a noneffective contract, as includes the principles of how to judging a noneffective contract, and causes analysis of the noneffective contract in different countries and areas. Through the analysis and arguments in this chapter, regret and limitations of noneffective contract system in China will be nailed down so as to pave the way for the perfection assumption. And chapter three is the pivot chapter, and it focuses on the remediation for noneffective contract, which includes the concept and quality of noneffective contract remediation; its theory basis; the approaches for the remediation. The author, with the reference to the viewpoints of scholars, and put forward the assumption to the noneffective contract, and complete the leitmotiv of the whole essay.更多还原