【作者】 方杰；

【导师】 杜琪珍；

【作者基本信息】 浙江工商大学 ， 食品科学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 DEHP(邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯)为酞酸酯类化合物,是增塑剂的主要品种。由于酞酸酯类化合物与塑料成分之间不是化学键结合,易于从塑料中转移至外环境,造成对空气、水和土壤的污染,甚至可通过塑料桶溶入桶装食用油中,造成对食品的污染。每年有约100吨邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯(DEHP)以不同的方式进入大气圈、水圈与土壤环境中,部分动植物体内累积较大量的DEHP,可能对人体健康造成危害。本文对蔬菜DEHP进行了分析研究。首先,建立了一种基于UPLC技术的DEHP快速检测方法,该方法有分离效果好、线性范围宽、速度快、定量准确等优点,可用于实际样品中DEHP分析。其次,测定了冬瓜、黄瓜、长瓜、空心菜、大白菜等30多种蔬菜DEHP的含量,发现冬瓜含DEHP量在560—1580mg/kg;黄瓜含DEHP量在15—120mg/kg;长瓜的DEHP含量在10—16mg/kg;空心菜、大白菜则检测出0.17—3.4mg/kg的DEHP含量。其它蔬菜苦瓜、丝瓜、茄子、西红柿、豇豆、刀豆、四季豆、青椒、菜椒、青菜、茼蒿、菠菜、甘蓝菜(白)、甘蓝菜(紫)、香菜、花椰菜(白)、花椰菜(绿)、奉化芋艿、小芋艿、洋葱、萝卜、胡萝卜、生姜、大蒜、芦笋、茭白、大葱则未检测出DEHP或仅有痕量DEHP存在。然后研究了土壤DEHP浓度对冬瓜累积DEHP的影响,发现冬瓜地上部分各部位累积DEHP的量与土壤中DEHP的含量呈正相关,但土壤无DEHP处理且与其它DEHP处理无隔离的冬瓜植株也累积DEHP,表明冬瓜根系可能没有主动吸收DEHP并输送到地上部分的能力,冬瓜地上部分的DEHP可能主要是吸收累积大气中的DEHP所致。另外,还探讨了地膜覆盖冬瓜植株的不同部位累积DEHP的量,得出叶内累积最多,其次为茎和果中,根和花中累积较少,而地膜覆盖下土壤中并未检出DEHP。从累积分布来看,冬瓜植株各部位能从大气中吸收DEHP,同时可能存在叶茎果实中的运输转移。本文所取得的研究结果,揭示了我国主要蔬菜受DEHP污染的状况,可为蔬菜食品安全评价提供依据。而土壤DEHP浓度、地膜覆盖致冬瓜累积DEHP的研究结果,可为冬瓜DEHP污染的解决提供科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 DEHP [Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate] is one of the phthalic ester compounds and is a primary plasticizer. It easily releases to environment and pollutes air, water and soil. Some plants and animals cumulate it with an amount that harms human being. All people have to eat vegetables. So the analysis of DEHP content in vegetables is urgent.In the present paper, a DEHP determination method based on UPLC was established and DEHP content in 36 vegetables was determined. The results showed waxgourd (the fruit of Benincasa hispida) contain DEHP with an amount of 560-1580mg/kg 10-16mg/kg, cucumber 15-120mg/kg, the fruit of Lagenaria siceraria 10-16mg/kg, Ipomoea aquatica and cabbage 0.17—3.4mg/kg. Balsam pear, towel gourd, auberqine, tomato, cowpea, sword bean, kidney bean, green pepper, green qrocery, chrysanthemum coronarium, spinach, pickled cabbage (white), pickled cabbage (purple), caraway, cauliflower (white), cauliflower (green), murphy, onion, radish, carrot, rhizoma zingiberis recens, garlic, asparaqus, zizania aquatica and scallion did not contain DEHP or only contain a trace amount of DEHP. The study on the effect of DEHP concentration in soil on the cumulation amount of Benincasa hispida showed that the higher the concentration, the higher content in the plant. But Benincasa hispida planted in the soil without DEHP treatment also contained DEHP. A high DEHP content also found in the Benincasa hispida that was planted in the field covered with plastic film. Therefore, the DEHP in Benincasa hispida possibly cumulated from the air DEHP which was released by treated soil or plastic film.The above results reveal the pollution condition of DEHP in main vegetables in Hangzhou market, which provide us a reference of food safety. And the investigation of the effect of DEHP concentration in soil and plastic film on DEHP cummulation in Benincasa hispida could help us to solve the problem of high DEHP content in waxgourd.更多还原