【作者】 廖霞；

【导师】 周跃志；

【作者基本信息】 新疆大学 ， 生态学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 当前，随着我国城市规模的扩大和数量的增加，许多城市陷入了住房短缺、环境污染、水资源缺乏等困境。特别是生态环境的污染问题，已经严重制约着城市的健康持续发展。新疆城市的生态问题更为严重，了解新疆城市生态安全存在的问题，进而提出解决的对策，对我国城市的可持续发展会起到非常重要的作用。本文在对我国城市生态安全存在的问题进行系统分析的基础上，运用压力-状态-响应(PSR)框架模型，以新疆城市为研究对象，筛选评价指标，尝试建立通用的新疆城市生态安全评价指标体系，并将城市生态安全水平划分为五个评价等级(理想安全、较安全、临界安全、不安全、极不安全)；选择六座新疆城市(乌鲁木齐、阿勒泰、伊宁、克拉玛依、库尔勒、阿克苏)作为案例城市，分别运用三种综合评价方法(模糊综合评价法、物元可拓综合评价法和主成分分析法)对这些城市2005年的生态安全水平进行横向评价，根据评价结果，分析案例城市间生态安全水平的差异，验证了评价指标体系的合理性；同时比较各种评价方法的优劣，选择评价效果较理想的模糊综合评价法对乌鲁木齐1997年到2005年的生态安全状况进行纵向评价，分析乌鲁木齐市生态安全水平的变化趋势。根据对各案例城市生态安全状况的具体分析，分析了制约各市生态安全水平的限制因子，使今后在制定改善城市生态安全的措施时更具有针对性。本文的研究成果可应用于新疆城市生态安全评价的实践，有一定的指导意义，同时对城市生态安全评价理论的发展有一定的借鉴意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Currently, following with increasing of city scale and number, many cities plunge into plight, such as population growth, environment pollution, water shortage etc. Especially, the ecological environment pollution problem has been restricted further healthy development of city. Understanding the problems of city ecological security and then putting forward counter measure will have an important effect on sustainable envelopments of city in china.Based on systematic analysis of city ecological security in china, this paper applied pressure——state——response model (PSR), selected evaluation indicator, tried to put forward universal evaluation indices system of city ecological security, and divided city ecological security level into five grades, that was ideal safe, relatively safe, critically safe, not safe and the worst safe. The author selected six cities (Urumqi , Altay, Yining, Karamay, Korla, Aksu)as example, and used three comprehensive appraisement approach which was fuzzy overall evaluation, main component analysis and mater element extension assessment to make horizontal estimation of ecological security level for these cities in 2005.According to the result, analyzed the differences of ecological security level among these cities, tested the rationality of evaluation indices system, at the same time, compared these appraisement approaches and selected fuzzy overall evaluation which was better than other appraisement approaches to make vertical estimation of ecological security status for Urumqi city from 1997 to 2005 and analyzed the change trend of ecological security level of Urumqi .According to the concrete analysis of ecological security status of these cities, found the primary ecological security problems, and then, put forward pertinent counter measure to SOlve these problems更多还原