【作者】 王蓉蓉；

【导师】 张明超；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 美术学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 中国的古文明历史悠远,本土文化和外来文化有很多种,但是无论是中国的本土文化还是外来文化都会被中国的主流文化所包容然后消化吸收,逐步变成中国化的学术形式。中国的文人包括艺术家中相当一部分人对哲学有着很深的情结,这种情结不仅仅对于文人艺术家来讲是一种精神寄托,而且对于整个民族文化来讲也是一种非常至关重要的文化内容,它对于社会的伦理和风俗起着教化作用,主宰了中国思想的历史,并同时影响了一些非主流的思想。道家的主题是自然,儒家的核心是社会,而禅宗的根本是心灵。这三者所思考的自然、社会和心灵刚好是存在者整体的三个方面。在中国传统文人画的历史上,儒道释三家是所有存在过的和仍然存在着的众多中国传统哲学里面影响最深远的学术流派,不仅仅在于它们的教化人伦深化修养提倡修行的宗旨,还在于它们对整个社会群体的艺术审美层次的推动和提升。哲学是一个民族文化艺术前进发展中的风向标,没有它们,艺术形式很难给自己定位。尤其是在古代中国绘画艺术史上,无数文人画家很难将自己的艺术样式艺术内容与宗教哲学割裂开来,这似乎是太多文人赋予自己艺术作品品位和格调的不可或缺的因素之一。中国的三大学术流派是中国文化艺术的主要来源和生命精神,它对于中国绘画艺术的影响最深远也最直观,从整个中国绘画史上来看,这种影响的社会基础是什么?文人画家对于儒道禅哲学的认识以及怎样与自己的绘画样式相结合,又最终形成了一种怎样的绘画形式?这是本文要一一解决的关键问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ancient Chinese civilization, with its long history, has embodied various styles of local or exotic culture. However, regardless of their roots, they have at last been accepted and assimilated by the mainstream culture of China, and furthermore, have gradually evolved into sinicized academic forms. Chinese literates, including a notable part of artists, have a deep complex of philosophy, which is actually not only a kind of mental support for them, but also a crucial content of the ethnic culture as a whole. Philosophy serves for civilization of the societal ethic and customs; dominates the long history of Chinese ideology development; and influences some forms of non-mainstream ideology. Taoism advocates link with nature Confucian focuses on societal cohesion. While Zen takes root in sublimation of spirit. The core ideas that are promoted by these three forms of ideology, that is, link with nature, societal cohesion and sublimation of spirit, are exactly the three aspects of an entity.In the history of traditional Chinese literate painting, Taoism, Confucianism and Zen are the most influencing among all the over passed and existing genres of Chinese traditional philosophy. The reason lies not only on their doctrines of civilizing, culturing and cultivating, but also on their contribution to the promotion of the whole society’s aesthetic level. Without philosophy, which is the vane on the development road of the ethnic culture, different forms of arts will find it difficult to locate themselves. This is especially the case in the history of ancient Chinese painting. The many literate artists just couldn’t separate the styles and contents of their works from the religion and philosophy. Religious and philosophy elements seem to be indispensable for the ancient Chinese literate artists to endow their work with tastes and patternsAs the source and lifeline of Chinese culture and arts, Taoism, Confucianism and Zen have imposed on them (Chinese culture and arts) the most far-reaching and noticeable influence. This paper, set within the frame of Chinese painting history, seeks to answer the following key questions: What is the societal base for this influence? How do the literate artists understand these three genres of philosophy (Taoism, Confucianism and Zen) and how do they combine their understanding with their painting styles? What forms of arts have been evolved in this process?更多还原