【作者】 林贻卿；

【导师】 肖华山； 谭芳林；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 植物学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 自1979年互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)引入我国后,在保滩护岸、促淤造陆以及净化海岸带水质等方面发挥了重要作用。但其对逆境胁迫的高抗性和高适应性,发达的根状茎和极强的萌蘖能力,加上我国还没有发现本地的天敌和其他制约因子可以有效控制其种群增长和扩散,使得互花米草蔓延的速度远超过了人为的控制能力,以致乡土物种被排挤,破坏了底栖生物及鸟类的生存环境,并对自然环境和经济发展带来许多负面影响。权衡利弊,控制互花米草种群的疯狂扩张已经是大势所趋。本文在综述互花米草的生物学特性,引进后给生态环境等方面带来的正负两面效应以及当前国内外对互花米草所采取的控制措施的基础上,通过动态测量不同时期对互花米草进行齐地面刈割后的株高、株数和生物量的生长情况,得出7月21日(孕穗期——抽穗期)刈割处理后,至扬花期,其株高、株数、地上部分生物量均低于对照,并达到显著或极显著差异,应为有效控制互花米草扩张的最佳刈割时期;通过不同时期对互花米草进行齐地面刈割,测定其根系活力、根系可溶性总糖含量、根系游离氨基酸总量、根系可溶性蛋白质含量以及根系活性氧清除系统中保护酶活性等各项指标,找出互花米草的养分转移规律,进一步证明了有效控制互花米草扩张的最佳刈割时期为孕穗期——抽穗期。更多还原

【Abstract】 Spartina alterniflora has played the important roles in protecting the beach shore , accelerating silt deposition as well as purificating the coastal water quality since was introduced to our country in 1979. But the high resistance and the high adaptability, the developed roots and the greatly strong sprouts ability, in addition we had not discovered the local natural enemy and other restriction factors might effective control Spartina alterniflora growth and proliferation in our country. So the spread speed of Spartina alterniflora has greatly surpass the man control ability, result in the local species are pushed aside, which destroyed the survival environment of bottom biological and birds, and brought many negative influences to the natural environment and the economical development. Weighed the advantages and disadvantages, control the Spartina alterniflora’s crazy expansion already was the ultimate trend.This paper summarized the biology characteristic of Spartina alterniflora, the positive and negative influences to the environment after introduced Spartina alterniflora, as well as current domestic and foreign control measures to Spartina alterniflora, through the dynamic survey height ,amounts, biomass after different timing mowing. The results show that the height, amounts, aboveground biomass of Spartina alterniflora which regrows after mowing on July 21 (boot stage-heading) all under the control,and achieve significant or very significant differences. So this period should be the best mowing time which the active control the Spartina alterniflora expands; and unifies the changes of root vigor, soluble sugar contents, free amino acid contents and protects enzyme activity of defense system after different timing mowing, discovered the nutrient transfer rule in Spartina alterniflora, further certificate that the best mowing times to active control Spartina alterniflora are the booting stage and the heading stage.更多还原