【作者】 徐佳欣；

【导师】 申勇；

【作者基本信息】 河北医科大学 ， 外科学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 人工椎间盘置换术是近年来出现的治疗椎间盘退行性变疾病的工具。理论上可以保留置换节段的活动度,减少邻近节段退变的发生,避免出现融合术后的并发症,允许早期功能锻炼。现阶段人工椎间盘理论上的优点仅被在生物力学和运动学测试中被证实,尚缺乏临床检验结果。在组成人工椎间盘的材料上,包括金属,高分子聚合物等。材料要求具有耐体内环境腐蚀性,耐磨损性,组织相容性,抗破坏强度和抗疲劳强度。在固定方式上存在机械固定与骨水泥或骨长入等界面固定。分类方式依据置换的部位可分为颈椎人工椎间盘、腰椎人工椎间盘和人工髓核。使用人工椎间盘置换术的近期效果满意,并发症和失败病例均少于融合术。潜在的机械性并发症包括假体下沉和磨损。使用人工椎间盘的早期效果满意,对于保留节段活动度能否减少邻近节段退变仍需长期随访。更多还原

【Abstract】 Disc arthroplasty is an emerging treatment for patients with disc degeneration. Its theoretical advantages are to maintain motion, decrease the incidence of adjacent segment degeneration, avoid complications related to fusion, and allow early return to function. At this time, the theoretical advantages are unproven clinically but have been confirmed in biomechanical and kinematic investigations. Multicenter studies of both cervical and lumbar prostheses have shown short-term results equivalent to fusion. Neurologic complications and failures have been rare. Prosthetic subsidence and long-term wear will most likely be potential failure mechanisms. Thus far, with the exception of nucleoplasty, these problems have not been observed. The early results are satisfactory, but the basic premise that motion preservation will diminish adjacent segment degeneration is yet unproven. Long-term results are unavailable and failure modes are unknown. Before implantation, the surgeon and patient must understand the experimental nature of the devices.更多还原