【作者】 王成亮；

【导师】 邹峥嵘；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 数字近景摄影测量是随着CCD数码相机、数字影像技术、图像处理技术、计算机技术等发展而发展起来的。普通数码相机的出现,解决了现场快速获取影像的问题,并且降低了近景摄影测量作业对设备及技能的要求,并使摄影测量过程成为全数字流程。为了进一步提高普通数码相机应用于数字近景摄影测量的适用性和作业精度,本文对基于普通数码相机的检校、影像子像素定位技术和近景摄影测量的基本算法进行了研究,主要内容包括以下几个方面:1.实验和研究了基于室内准二维控制场和三维控制场的普通数码相相机量测化改造方法。包括普通数码影像的畸变差解算和数字畸变模型的建立,数码相机内方位元素的检定;2.普通数码影像的像点坐标子像素定位技术的研究和精度评价,包括人工标志的类别和设计,多种子像素定位算法的研究和精度分析;3.普通数码影像的立体测量方法研究。本文采用相对定向、模型连接、绝对定向和光束法平差,解算所有监测点的点位信息。4.引入P-H算法解决传统相对定向不易收敛的问题,用四个代数参数a、b、c、d代替通常的角量,从而对于任意角度拍摄的非量测像片在相对定向时总能保证以较快的速度收敛。5.基于核线条件和前方交会方法,开发了数字近景摄影测量的简易测绘系统;6.将研究成果应用于露天矿危险性边坡监测的实际工作,开发了边坡监测信息管理系统;更多还原

【Abstract】 Close-range photogrammetry has developed from the technology of CCD digital camera,digital image,image processing, computer science.The emergence of the ordinary digital images,resolved the problem of acquiring images quickly on the spot, and lowered the requirement for equipments and skills in photogrammetry, so that made photogrammetry a whole digital process. In order to increase the adaptability and accuracy of digital close-range photogrammetry based on common digital cameras, this paper researches and experiments have been done on these methods in this paper as following:1. the measurement and alteration of ordinary digital camera. It includes the correction parameters and picture’s exterior orientation parameters, and Establishment of DDM based on control field.2. In the aspect of image processing,we study many hypo-pixel methods to obtain targets. It includes the category and the design of artificial Symbol, and research the accuracy analysis of hypo-pixel methods.3. Researches on the stereophotogrammetry of digital images, which include relative orientation, absolute orientation, model collection and bundle adjustment.4. Rotation in relative orientation is consisted of angles which is the main reason of badresults.However,Pope-Hinsken could solve this problem .It replaces the angles with four parameters. It is a good way for the relative orientation.5. We development of Simple mapping system based on epipolar line and space intersection;6. Aimed at the actual application of the researches on photogram metric techniques and methods based on ordinary digital images, this paper recounts the development of a Slope information manages the system;更多还原