论著作权法中的滑稽模仿

【作者】 刘静；

【导师】 蒋言斌；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 民商法学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 著作权法中的滑稽模仿是一个复合概念,它包括滑稽模仿行为与滑稽模仿作品两部分,前者指一种以模仿和颠覆为复合行为方式的创作行为,后者指通过模仿使用知名作品或其他公共资源的实质性部分所创作的,以颠覆及讽刺所使用内容为目的,并具有高度独创性的新作品。上述模仿使用与颠覆性创作均以讽刺批判所使用内容为限度。著作权法中的滑稽模仿仅从著作权法角度出发考察滑稽模仿文艺创作,是对此类文艺创作的法律升华。滑稽模仿作品的基本构成要件包括形式要件和实质要件。其实质要件为具备高度独创性与对原作的批评讽刺性,该要件是确保滑稽模仿作品符合知识产权利益平衡原理从而被著作权法允许存在的关键。以法、德、美、英为代表的欧美国家著作权法中关于滑稽模仿的立法设计虽各具特色,但共同点在于均能确保滑稽模仿作品具备基本构成要件,从而符合知识产权利益平衡原理。我国有必要也有可能借鉴国外相关立法司法经验,以上述原理为指导制定符合我国实际情况的滑稽模仿著作权法规制模式,这有助于合理规范目前“恶搞文化”泛滥的社会现象。著作权法中的滑稽模仿不同于无原则的任意恶搞,前者能够体现公正、平衡的著作权法本质目标,而后者有待著作权法及时区分与规制,其中符合滑稽模仿作品基本构成要件者值得保留和鼓励。更多还原

【Abstract】 Parody in copyright law is a composite concept, which embodies two parts as parodic act and parody. The former is a kind of creation behavior based on composite conduct modes of the imitation and subversion, and the latter is a kind of new work which aims at subverting and criticizing some original work, namely well-known works or other public resources, which are imitated by the new work as its essential components. The new work has the characteristic of high creativity, and the extent of the imitation and subversion depends on the necessity of the criticism to the originals by the new work. Parody in copyright law studies of the parody literary only from the aspect of copyright law and is the legal sublimation of the parody literary. The essential prerequisites of parody include pro forma condition and virtual condition. The latter is referred to high originality and irony to the original, as is the key reason of parody’s according with the theory of balancing of interests in the intellectual property rights, which ensure parody existing in the copyright law. As the representative, although the legislative designs about parody in the copyright law of France、Germany、America and British have its distinct identity each, they all ensure parody in the copyright law bearing the essential prerequisites in order to make it accord with the theory of balancing of interests in the intellectual property rights. It is necessary and possible for our country to use the abroad legislation and justice experiences to enact our own copyright law regulation mode about parody according with the actual situation, which is helpful to reasonably regulate the flood of "spoofing culture" in contemporary Chinese society. Parody in copyright law is different from unprincipled spoof, because the former can embody such essential objective of copyright law as impartiality and balance, and the latter still awaits timely discrimination and regulation by the copyright law. The spoof that according with the essential qualification of parody deserves to be reserved and encouraged.更多还原