刑事诉讼行为瑕疵及其效力处置

【作者】 印波；

【导师】 张善燚；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 诉讼法学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 诉讼行为之概念乃为诉讼法之中心点。综观世界各国的刑事诉讼法典、判例及其他相关的法律规范,根据行为模式——法律后果的二元法律规则逻辑结构,应然的行为如缺乏法律后果的保障则无法实施。刑事诉讼系统的自治理想对每一个违法诉讼行为加以诉讼法效力上的评价。通过对刑事诉讼行为瑕疵及其效力处置的理论地位以及法律现实需要,探讨刑事诉讼行为瑕疵,尝试建构统合的效力处置理论框架,对我国刑事诉讼法修改提出使其自洽的立法建议意义重大。本文从五个部分进行研究:第一部分,刑事诉讼行为瑕疵概述:在探讨刑事诉讼行为理论的基础上明确了刑事诉讼行为瑕疵的概念与形态;第二部分,刑事诉讼行为瑕疵的效力处置:境外的考察:将其分为可恢复的处置方式与不可恢复的处置方式,前者包括撤销原判——发回重审、行为无效——重新作出、瑕疵矫正——行为生效、不完全生效——从轻量刑,后者包括行为排除——不得再理、诉讼终止——程序终局;第三部分,刑事诉讼行为瑕疵的效力处置理论分析:统合理论的探究:通过程序形成行为——实体形成行为——裁判行为以及职权行为——非职权行为的划分作为基点建构了瑕疵效力处置的统合理论模型;第四部分,我国刑事诉讼行为瑕疵效力处置的法律现状:剖析了严格遵守法律程序原则、分工负责,互相配合,互相制约原则、保障诉讼参与人的诉讼权利原则以及四种效力处置规则;第五部分,我国刑事诉讼行为瑕疵效力处置制度的重构:设计了合法性原则、程序自治原则、整体性原则和比例原则;设计了法定无效和实质无效制度、补正制度、消极矫正制度、单纯宣告违法或无效制度、证据禁止制度、撤销原判——发回重审制度、撤销、变更强制措施制度、从轻量刑制度、诉讼终止制度、无效诉讼行为转换制度等。更多还原

【Abstract】 The terminology of act flaws in procedure is indeed the central point in procedural law. In accordance with logical structure of legal rules of dualism of behavior pattern and legal consequence, legal acts can not be implemented provided lack of guarantee of legal consequences from comprehensively study on criminal procedural code in each country of the world. The autonomous dream in the criminal procedural system makes the assessment by legal validity necessary to each illegal procedural act necessary. It is very important to discuss the act flaws of criminal procedure, try to establish united theory frame of treatment of legal validity and provide the amendment of criminal procedural law in our country with the legislative advices in order to make it self-harmonious from the perspectives of theoretical status and actual legal needs.This thesis will be divided into four parts for research: the first part, the introduction of act flaws of criminal procedure: it make the definition and patterns of act flaws of criminal procedure definite on basis of discussing the theory of criminal procedural acts; the second part, the treatments of legal validity to the act flaws of criminal procedure outside the boundary: they are divided into that can be rehabilitated and that cannot berehabilitated. The former contain canceling the judgment------the actshould be sent back for re-trial, nullification of procedural act------the actshould be done again, cure of illegal procedural act------the act can getlegal validity, getting not full legal validity------reduction of sentence.The latter contain exclusion of illegal procedural act------the act cannot bedone again, judicial stays------discontinuation of procedure; the third part,the analysis of the theory of treatment of legal validity to the act flaws of criminal procedure: the probe into the united theory: it is necessary to establish the model of united theory of treatment of legal validity to act flaws by the point of division of acts of forming intimate conviction, that of forming process and judgment, and acts of authority and no-authority; the fourth part, the legal status of treatment of legal validity to act flaws of criminal procedure in our country: we analyze the principles of strictly observing with legal process, burdening responsibilities by division, mutual cooperation and restriction, and protecting procedural rights of joiners and four kinds of legal regulations of treatment of act flaws; The fifth part, the re-establishment of the systems of treatment of legal validity to act flaws of criminal procedure in our country: we design the principles of confirming with procedural law, procedural autonomy, the nature of entirety and proportion; we design the systems of legal invalidity and actual invalidity, supplement, pessimistic amendment, purely announcing illegal status, prohibition of evidences, cancelling the judgment to send it back for retrial, revoking or changing coercive measures, reduction of sentence, judicial stays, and transformation of invalid procedural acts etc..更多还原