康家湾矿深部难采矿体采场稳定性及安全开采技术研究

【作者】 曹刚；

【导师】 王新民；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 安全技术及工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 地下矿山开采属于极高危作业,而采场稳定与否,直接影响进行采矿生产人员及设备的安全。本文在康家湾矿深部矿体地质调查和矿岩物理力学性质测试的基础上,利用大型有限元软件ANSYS对康家湾矿深部难采矿体采场稳定性及安全开采技术进行分析研究,主要研究成果如下:1.通过广泛的现场调查和测试,在掌握矿山工程地质状况、矿山开采技术工艺条件等的基础上,进行了矿山采空区顶板的稳定性评价;2.对康家湾矿区主要矿岩的物理力学参数进行了室内实验,测定了物理力学参数;3.通过对国内外常用的预留矿柱、锚杆护顶、切顶措施、假顶和预注锚杆护顶等不同的破碎带控制方法的分析比较,结合康家湾矿深部顶板岩层部分地段不稳固,且不稳固岩层厚度较大的实际情况,对各种常用的控顶措施进行了评价研究;4.对岩土弹塑性本构关系进行总结,对Drucker-Prager模型及其模型参数的选取作了简要说明。详细介绍了如何在ANSYS中实现对岩土非线性力学行为的模拟分析,并通过一个具体的工程实例说明如何使用ANSYS对采空区稳定性问题进行数值模拟分析,其计算结果在工程中得到了应用;5.利用三维有限元分析软件,模拟了不同的开采方案、采场跨度、护顶支护方式、地应力侧压系数等多种因素的变化情况,主要以围岩的应力、变形、塑性区范围、安全率状况等力学稳定性指标对不同采场结构参数进行了比较分析,得出了采场最佳结构参数和顶板极限暴露面积;6.在以上研究的基础上,对于顶板不稳固的倾斜中厚难采矿体的开采技术方法进行了研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Stability of stopes is one of important factors influencing safety of workers and appliance in dangerous underground mining activities. The stope’s stability and safe mining technology in complicated deep ore body of Kangjiawan Mine were studied using ANSYS finite element soft in this paper, based on site survey of geological condition and laboratorial measures about physical and mechanical features of rock and ore. Main researching results are summarized as follows:1. Roof stability of emptied areas in Kangjiawan Mine was geologically and technically evaluated based on results of site survey and laboratorial measures.2. Physical and mechanical features of major rock and ore in Kangjiawan Mine were measured in laboratory.3. Supporting methods of broken zones widely employed in China and abroad, such as safety pillar, bolting, roof-cut, and artificial roof, were analyzed. Application feasibility of above supporting methods in large scale weak rock layers of Kangjiawan Mine was also discussed.4. Various plastic-elastic stress constitutive relations of rock and soil were summarized and construction process and parameter choice approaches of Drucker-Prager model were studied. More important, application procedures of ANSYS soft in non-linear simulation of rock and soil were given. A case indicated that ANSYS was a useful numerical simulation tool for stability analysis of goaf.5. The stress, strain, range of plastic zone and safety degree of surrounding rock were simulated and calculated by 3D finite element soft on condition of different extraction schemes, stope widths, roof-supporting measures and side pressing parameters. The simulation results gave an optimum sizes of stope in complicated deep ore body of Kangjiawan Mine.6. It is well known that extraction of inclined ore body with mediate to thick width and weak roof is very difficult. The mining method for this kind of ore body was also suggested in this paper based on above researching results.更多还原