【作者】 饶敏；

【导师】 罗家有； 吴敏泉；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 公共卫生， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:了解长沙市某医院健康体检人员健康状况及其影响因素,为采取相应的干预措施,提供科学依据。方法:采用长沙市医保中心统一制定的《个人健康信息调查表》,以2007年1月到10月在长沙市某医院体查的职工作为调查对象,对体查人员健康慢性病患病情况进行问卷调查。应用统计描述方法对体检人员的社会人口学特征、健康状况、运动情况、膳食营养状况、行为和生活方式等进行一般性统计描述。利用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析筛选慢性病可能的影响因素。结果:1320名体检人员中男性占48.63%,女性占51.36%;体检人员的文化程度普遍较高,小学与初中文化(6.5%)、本科及以上文化(48.6%)、大专文化(31.1%)。体检人员职业为教师(48.5%)、机关干部和文化艺术工作者(14.2%,17.4%)、律师(3.6%)。体检人员慢性病主要分为心脑血管疾病(6.4%)、消化系统疾病(3.8%)、呼吸系统疾病(1.5%),慢性病总的患病率为(15.7%)。单因素分析发现文化程度、年龄、主要从事的职业、婚姻状况、日饮水量、豆腐和豆制品的摄入、奶和奶制品的摄入、平均每天吃水果、是否吃早餐、每月食盐摄人量、家务劳动、体育锻炼、每周锻炼次数、每次锻炼时间、有无被动吸烟、每天吸烟支数、吸烟年数、饮酒、睡眠、熬夜等是慢性病的可能影响因素。进一步作多因素logistic回归分析,采用前进法按α入=0.05,α出=0.051水准,发现年龄较小、文化程度较高、已婚(或未婚)、锻炼身体多、做家务时间长、每月食盐摄人量少,每天吸烟支数越少、吸烟年数小、饮酒少的人健康水平越高,即患慢性病的可能性越低。反之,患慢性病的可能性高。结论:1.长沙市某医院健康体检人员慢性病的总患病率是15.7%。主要以心脑血管疾病、消化系统疾病和呼吸系统疾病为主。2.慢性病的危险因素分别是:每月食盐摄人量多、婚姻状况中的丧偶、职业中的教师、每天吸烟支数多、职业中的机关干部、饮酒量多、吸烟年数长、年龄越大等7个因素。3.慢性病的保护因子分别是经常参加体育锻炼、家务劳动做的多、职业中的律师、婚姻状况中的已婚、文化程度高等因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate and analyze the prevalence status and influence factors of the main chronic non-infective diseases of the people who took the health physical examination in a certain hospital in ChangSha, and provide corresponding intervention projects with scientific evidence.Methods: The research used the questionnaire of personal healthy information which made by the center of hospitalization insurance in ChangSha uniformly, and took the workers who received the physical examination at the central hospital of Changsha from Jan to Oct in 2007 as the investigation object. Then made the analysis of twenty important factors which can lead to chronic non-infective disease by the means of multiple factors logistic regression, and all these were at the base of analysis of physical basic information.Results: Among the 1320 checked person, 48.63% are male and 51.37% are female. The culture degree of these people is high in general. Only 6.57% have culture of elementary school and middle school, 48.67% have the culture of undergraduate and the higher, 31.3% have the culture of junior college. Among all the people checked, 48.5% of them are teachers, the percentage of department cadres and showfolks respectively is 14.2% and 17.4%, lawyers account for 3.6%.The main chronic diseases of the checked person are classified to four sorts, namely the disease of heart and blood vessel (6.4%), the disease of digestive system (3.8%) and respiration system (1.5%), and other diseases.The analysis of stepwise logistic regression showed that the higher level of health status of people who has low age, high culture degree, married (or unmarried), often take physical exercises, has a long time doing housework, low absorption of salt every month, smoking few cigarettes every day, the low smoking age and drinking little, the lower level possibility suffering from chronic disease; Contrarily, they may take a low level of whole health status, high possibility of suffering from chronic disease. According to the degree that influence the chronic disease, the risk factors respectively are taking more salt every moth, bereft of one’s spouse, teachers, smoking many cigarettes every day, the department cadre, drinking more wine, smoking for many years, the old age. The protective factors respectively are: often take physical exercises, doing more housework, lawyers, married, and the high degree of culture and so on.Conclusions: The whole prevalence rate of chronic diseases of the people checked in the certain hospital in Changsha is 15.7%, the main diseases are disease of heart and blood vessel, the disease of digestive system and respiration system, account for 74.88% of the whole people who have chronic diseases.The risk factors of chronic diseases respectively are take more salt every moth, bereft of one’s spouse, teachers, smoking many cigarettes every day, the department cadre, drinking more wine, smoking for many years, the old age.The protective factors respectively are: often take physical exercises, doing more housework, lawyers, married, and the high degree of culture and so on.更多还原