【作者】 杨秀梅；

【导师】 梁收运；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 地质工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,地质灾害已严重制约着我国国民经济的发展,威胁着人民的生命、财产的安全,成为影响我国经济可持续发展的重要因素;但财力和技术水平限制了在我国进行全面的灾害治理。地质灾害危险性评价正是基于上述问题提出的,是目前地质灾害研究的热点之一,对预防、减轻地质灾害意义重大。针对地质灾害的形成受很多因素影响,而这些因素本身又具有不确定性、模糊性、复杂性等特点。本文以甘肃省洮河莲麓水电站工程建设评估区为例,将GIS与AHP相结合引入地质灾害危险性评价,充分发挥了GIS强大的空间分析能力和AHP善于多要素综合评价的长处,最大限度地将评价过程中的因素量化和权重判别中的主观因素与客观因素有效的结合在一起。在经详细的野外调查、分析研究区的地质环境条件和地质灾害发育特征,确定地貌类型、断层、坡度、土地利用类型、人口密度和公路密度作为评价因子;应用GIS建立了各评价因子的专题图层和利用AHP确定了各评价因子的权重。通过GIS空间分析,对各专题图层进行叠加分析,并结合评价模型,将研究区划分为地质灾害高危险区、中危险区、低危险区和不危险区。研究结果与实际吻合较好,表明将两种方法耦合在地质灾害评价方面是科学、可行的,具较好的实用价值和应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is one of the most serious geo-hazard countries in the world. Now, it has been a serious problem which can restrict economic development, endanger people’s health and social stabilization, and ultimately influence social economic sustainable development, but comprehensive hazard control has long been limited by the financial ability and technical level. Therefore, geological hazard risk assessment as a hot issue is presented, which provides scientific basis for geological disaster prevention and control has great significance in disaster prevention and reduction, is close relate to economic development and social stability.The formation of geological hazards is a complicated problem with rich contents, which are uncertainty, fuzzy, temporal-spacial inhomogeneity, complicated, etc. This paper takes Tao-River Hydropower station in Gansu as the research unite, adopts the combination of GIS with AHP for geological disaster risk assessment, which can develop each method fully at spatial analysis and multi-indexes evaluation, and in a maximum extent make factors quantization more effective, subjective and objective elements more reasonable.Based on detailed field observation and analysis on influence factors of geological environmental conditions and geological hazards development, this paper selects 7 factors, geomorphological types, fault, slope, land use, population density and highway density, for assessment. Corresponding indexes are determined according to AHP, thematic layers of each factor are conducted and superimposed to the index with the support of GIS, and finally subarea map is taken. According to the risk, the country is divided into the high-risk, medium-risk, low-risk and safe area. The result coincides well with the actual, shows that the coupled method has a good prospect for geological hazard risk assessment.更多还原