【作者】 贾丽琴；

【导师】 杜宁；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 文艺学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 论文以黑人女性主义文学批评理论、种族理论和文化批评理论为基础,以当代美国黑人女性和华裔女性创作的文学作品为研究对象,分析了文化与女性主体性、文化与姐妹情谊、文化与身份认同、性别与文化认同之间的关系,力图揭示他者妇女与文化之间的互动关系,进而探讨他者妇女的文化生存策略。第一章介绍他者妇女的写作概况。在美国文学史上,黑人女性文学从沉寂无声发展到声势壮大,成为美国文学中一支强劲的力量。黑人女作家的作品题材丰富,主题鲜明,有强烈的使命感和时代感,表现她们对种族命运、种族身份的思考,表达了反对种族歧视和性别压迫的愿望。美国华裔女性文学也从边缘走向中心,冲击着美国文坛。前期华裔女性文学主要表现华人在美国受到的歧视和侮辱,后期华裔文学深刻展示了华裔妇女身处主流文化与母体文化夹缝中的痛苦迷茫和建构身份的艰辛。第二章通过解读黑人女作家托妮·莫里森和艾丽丝·沃克的作品分析了黑人文化与黑人女性主体性建构之间的关系,以及黑人文化对黑人女性姐妹情谊的影响。黑人女性对文化态度有三种:一是被白人文化侵蚀,结果心灵被扭曲,主体性发生缺失;二是失去黑人文化之根,成为文化孤儿。三是守护黑人文化之根,热爱黑人文化,根植于黑人历史文化之中,成功地建构黑人主体性。在黑人文化传统中,黑人女性之间相互信赖、相互理解、相互支撑。黑人妇女背离黑人文化传统时,姐妹情谊受到伤害,姐妹同盟被解体,建构姐妹情谊,需要黑人妇女坚守黑人文化传统。第三章以谭恩美、汤亭亭的作品为研究对象,揭示了文化与身份建构之间的关系。华裔女性在身份建构过程中经历了从向往美国文化,排斥母体文化到有意调和两种文化,逐渐认同母体文化的过程。第四章针对二、三章揭示的问题,探讨了他者妇女的文化生存策略。消解文化冲突,淡化文化界限,调和不同文化,追求文化间的平等对话与融合是必然趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the black feminine principle literary criticism theory, the race theory and the cultural criticism theory, this paper study the works of the current black American female and Chinese female ,analyzing the relationship of the culture and feminine subject, culture and the sisters friendship, culture and the status approval, the sex and the cultural approval, trying to promulgate interactive relationship between women as the other and the culture, in order to discusse his survival strategy of women’s culture.The chapter I introduces the writing survey of the woman as the other. In the American history of literature, the black feminine literature has become a stronger force in the American literature, expanding from silence to momentum. The black women’s work theme is abundant with bright subjects, the intense sense of time and the modernity, expressing their thoughts on the racial destiny, the race status, against discriminate and the sex oppression. The Chinese-American feminine literature also moves from the edge toward the center, attacking the American literary arena. The former Chinese femininal literature displays mainly the discrimination and insult received in the US, later period the Chinese literature had profoundly demonstrated the Chinese woman’s pains, confusions between the mainstream culture and mother culture, difficulties to constructure status.Through explaination Toni Morrison and the Lisi Wouk’s works, the chapter II analyzes the relationship between the black culture and construction of the black feminine subject, influence from the black culture on the black sisters’ friendship. The black female has three kind of attitudes to the culture: one is absent subject caused by the Caucasian culture, with the twisted minds; two is becoming the cultural orphan because of lost their cultural root; rooted in the black history culture, three is constructing black subject successfully, protecting the black cultural root, loves the black culture deeply. In the black traditional culture, the black women trust mutually, understand mutually, support mutually. When the black women depart from it, the sisters’ friendship is injuried, the sisters’ union is disintegrated, construction the sisters ’friendship needs the black woman persevere the black traditional culture.Taking Tan Enmei and Maxine Hong Kingston’s work as example, the chapter III has promulgated the relationship between culture and the status construction. During the period of status construction, the Chinese female has experienced the process from eagerness American culture, rebellion parent culture to distribution two cultures, approval the parent culture gradually and intently.To solve these problems, the chapter IV has discussed other woman’s cultural survival strategy. The inevitable trends are resolution cultural conflicts, downplays the cultural boundary, distribution different cultures, pursuit equal dialog and fusion among different cultures.更多还原