【作者】 朱立东；

【导师】 宗喀·漾正冈布；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 中国少数民族史， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 藏医学与吠陀医学、中医学、西方传统医学(希腊-罗马-阿拉伯医学)并称世界四大传统医学。藏医学源远流长,博采欧亚诸医学之长,是藏民族贡献给世界的伟大遗产之一。就历史渊源而论,现在藏族地区的一些卫生保健措施和某些根深蒂固的医学观念、概念可以追溯到其四、五千年前的史前时期。就流布区域而言,自公元七、八世纪藏医学体系成熟后,其从本土向西向南逐渐推广到几乎整个喜玛拉雅山南北麓山区,向东北方发展到河西走廊一带,极东,西夏医药亦受其浸染。公元13世纪中叶之前藏蒙医学在各自的地域独立发展,尚没有太多的接触。公元13世纪中叶至公元16世纪末,藏医学与蒙古民族虽有些接触,但对蒙古医疗、医药的影响非常有限。藏医学在蒙古地区的真正传播,始于16世纪末,俺答汗与三世达赖喇嘛的青海会见。自此之后的两个多世纪,藏医学渐次普及到整个东北亚地区即蒙古人居住的所有区域,并形成了卫拉特、土默特、喀尔喀、科尔沁等藏蒙医学文化发展中心。以蒙古族人民对藏医学的特殊而伟大的贡献及藏医学在这一阶段的实际发展情况来看,尤其是现状,我们完全可以称16世纪末以来的藏医学为藏蒙医学或蒙藏医学。就卫拉特蒙古地区而言,在17世纪初,藏医学随着藏传佛教的弘传而传播,到18世纪末至19世纪初时,卫拉特蒙古地区已发展成为藏蒙医学文化的几大中心之一。更多还原

【Abstract】 As one of the unique traditional medical systems in the Eurasian Continent, Tibetan medicine reached its matured period during the 7th to 8th century. After that, it spread to other areas outside Tibet, such as other Himalayan regions. To the east, it influenced Tangut medical system in some way. Before the 13th century, medicine in Tibet and that in Mongolian areas both had developed paralleled. From 13th to 16th century, though Tibetans and Mongols started to communicate with each other, in the medical field, there still were not great influences. The spread of Tibetan medicine to Mongolian areas started from the end of the 16th century after the third Dalai Lama, Sonam Gyatso, met with Mongolian Khan Alatan. During the following two centuries, Tibetan medicine gradually spread to Northeastern Asia where Mongols have lived, and formed Tibetan medicine centers in Oirad, Tumed, Khalkha, Khorchin areas. For Oirat Mongolian area, by the end of the 18th century, it had already become one of the most important centers of Tibetan (Mongolian) medicine.更多还原