【作者】 范晨曦；

【导师】 王连军；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 环境工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 论文研究了树脂吸附法处理K·D复盐起爆药生产废水中的铅离子,旨在为树脂吸附法在重金属废水处理技术中的应用提供理论指导与技术支持。通过对多种树脂的交换容量和吸附速率比较,选取大孔苯乙烯系螯合树脂D418作为吸附材料。静态吸附实验表明:树脂对铅离子的吸附平衡时间为10h;该吸附交换过程为吸热过程,树脂的铅吸附量随温度增加而增加,升温有利于吸附交换反应的进行;pH为4左右时吸附效果最佳;高浓度的钠盐对吸附的影响较大。通过动态吸附实验,考察了温度、流速等因素对吸附效果的影响,结果表明适宜条件为:流速6 BV/h,温度328 K。以3 mol/L的HNO₃为解吸剂进行动态解吸实验,实验的适宜条件为:3 BV/h的流速、温度293 K,解吸剂最佳用量为5 BV。实验考察了流速和初始浓度对穿透曲线的影响,结果表明:随着流速和初始浓度的增加,穿透速度加快,树脂功能基团利用率下降,对铅的吸附交换率也随之下降。研究了铅离子在D418大孔离子交换树脂上的吸附交换过程。分别应用Langmuir模型、Freundlich模型对等温平衡吸附数据进行拟合,结果表明Langmuir模型更能准确反映该吸附交换过程。吸附热力学常数表明:铅离子在D418树脂上的吸附过程是自发（ΔG＜0）、吸热（ΔH＞0）、熵变为正值（ΔS＞0）的过程。对吸附动力学的数据进行拟合,结果表明为液膜扩散为D418树脂对pb²⁺吸附速率的主要控制步骤。红外光谱表明,树脂功能基团中的N和O原子与pb²⁺以配位键相结合,同时功能基团电离出的H⁺与pb²⁺发生了离子交换。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study,the related fundamental issues of treating the lead from K.D double salt primary explosive wastewater,using the ion exchange resin technique were carried out to provide theoretics direction for further application.In this paper,the D418 resin was selected a suitable adsorptive material based on study of ion exchange capacities,adsorptive ratio.In the static adsorption experiment,the results indicated that the equilibrium time was about 10 h;high temperature was good for the adsorption.The best pH was about 4.Na⁺ in the wastewater was a competitive,leading to a negative effect on the adsorption.Effects of the temperature and flow rate on the dynamic adsorption had been examined. The results of column dynamic adsorption show’ed that lower flow rate and higher temperature were beneficial for the adsorption,and the suitable conditions were as follows: the flow rate 6 BV/h,the temperature 328 K.The desorption experiments showed that lower flow rate,lower temprature were good for the desorption.The suitable conditions for the desorption were the consumption 5 BV strippant（3%HNO₃）,the flow rate 3 BV/h and the temprature 293 K.Effects of the flow rate and the initial lead concentration on the adsorption breakthrough curve had also been investigated.The results showed that with increasing the flow rate and initial concentration,the breakthrough point reached ahead,and the efficiency of the resin function groups and the adsortption efficiency of Pb decreased.The behavior of the resin adsorption and exchange process was studied.Langmuir isotherm was more suitable for simulating the adsorption between the isotherm models of Langmuir and Freundlich.The thermodynamic study of the adsorption process showed that the Pb adsorption-ion exchange process is spontaneous,endothermal,and the entropy is positive. The results showed the kinetics of ion exchanging was controlled by liquid film diffusion.The fourier transform infrared（FTIR）spectroscopy on blank and lead-loaded resins demonstrated that two kinds of atoms,namely nitrogen atom on group -NH- and oxygen atom on group≡P＝O,combined with Pb²⁺by coordination bond,and ion exchange occurred between Pb2 and H⁺ that P-OH group ionized.更多还原