【作者】 王姣；

【导师】 俞马宏；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 环境工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 用于水处理的天然高分子絮凝剂具有无毒、易生物降解、无二次污染、原料来源广、价格低等优点,近年来得到重视和发展应用。本文在分析和总结已有的天然高分子絮凝剂的制备和絮凝性能研究的基础上,选用来源丰富、价格便宜的天然高分子米邦塔仙人掌,旨在研发出一种新型绿色絮凝剂。本文利用仙人掌制备了凝胶、干粉、多糖絮凝剂,用以处理高岭土悬浊液,其浊度去除率都达到了98%以上,然后选择了其中制备成本较低、絮凝效果较佳的凝胶,设计了一系列絮凝性能实验方案。絮凝实验表明,仙人掌凝胶对高岭土悬浊液体系有很好的絮凝性能,较佳投放量为1mg/L～6mg/L,浊度去除率高达99.3%,并且与其他絮凝剂相比,用量较少,且其受无机盐、温度、pH影响小。其中,本文还设计了仙人掌凝胶与硫酸铁、聚合硫酸铁、聚丙烯酰胺的复配实验,结果表明,综合考虑浊度去除率、矾花大小、澄清程度,仙人掌-聚丙烯酰胺的絮凝效果最佳,仙人掌-硫酸铁次之。仙人掌-硫酸铁使用pH值较佳范围为5.0～9.0,受水温影响小;仙人掌-聚丙烯酰胺的絮凝性能受pH值、水温影响甚小。而无机盐的投加对两者均有一定影响。此外,本文还对其实际应用作了初步的实验研究。实验结果表明:以实际生活污水体系为处理对象,仙人掌用量为2.14mg/L时,浊度去除率达到了最高,为88%左右,而仙人掌-硫酸铁、仙人掌-聚丙烯酰胺的浊度去除率分别达到了95.44%、96.33%,说明了复配絮凝效果优于仙人掌的单独使用。另外,仙人掌对去除生活污水的COD取得了良好的效果,其中与硫酸铁复配使用,对COD去除率可以达到72.99%。更多还原

【Abstract】 More attention have been paid on natural polymer used in the water treatment because of its advantages, such as non-toxic, easily biodegradable, no secondary pollution, many raw materials and low prices in recent years. This dissertation analyzes and sums up the existing natural polymer flocculants preparation and flocculation in order to develop a new type of green flocculating agent from the o Milpa Alta cactus which is resourceful as well as low-priced.Gel, powder, and polysaccharide flocculants were prepared using Cactus, and they are employed to degrade kaolin suspension, and the turbidity removal rate has reached more than 98%. Gel was chosen from the series of flocculation experiments in terms of lower cost and well flocculating effect. The results indicate that the cactus gel has good flocculating in kaolin suspension system, adding 1mg/L～6mg/L of cactus gel, the turbidity removal rate can reach as high as 99.3%, Compared with other flocculants, it is less affected by salts, temperature, and pH, and also less amount.Remix experiments among cactus, sulfate gel, polyferric sulfate, and polyacrylamide are designed in this dissertation. The results show that, the cacti -polyacrylamide is the best flocculation, cacti-sulfate take second place considering the turbidity removal rate, size of alumina flower, the clarity. The best pH range of Cactus-sulfate is 5.0 to 9.0; it is less affected on water temperature. The effect on the flocculation of Cactus-polyacrylamide is lower both the pH and the water temperature; salts has negative impact on both of them.In addition, the practical application has been studied in the dissertation. As an example of realistic domestic wastewater treatment, the results show that when adding 2.14 mg/L of cacti, the turbidity removal rate of real-life sewage will reached 88% whereas adding Cactus-sulfate, cacti-polyacrylamide the turbidity removal will reach to 95.44% and 96.33 % respectively. That’s to say using the remix flocculation is better than using cactus only. Furthermore, the cactus has a better on the removal of COD on sewage, when remix with sulfate the COD removal rate can reach to 72.99%.更多还原