稳压元件对气缸高速运动平稳性的影响研究

【作者】 赵红江；

【导师】 黄新燕；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 气动自动化系统是实现传动与控制的主要方式之一,其中由稳压元件、换向阀和气缸等所组成的气动控制回路更是工业自动化中常用的回路。对于一些采用大缸径气缸推动负载高速运行的装备,如何从控制回路上稳定气缸的输入压力成为保证设备正常运行的关键之一。针对这一实际的需求,论文从稳压元件出口压力的变化规律出发,研究一种经济、有效的气动控制回路来保证气缸高速平稳运行。论文的研究成果对大负载高速运动气缸的运动平稳性控制具有一定的实际意义和应用价值。论文中设计了一种流量补偿—缓冲气罐控制回路,在该控制回路中在稳压元件上并联了一个电磁开关阀对其进行流量补偿,同时在稳压元件和换向阀之间增加一个缓冲气罐。论文从理论和实验两方面对涉及的问题进行了研究。主要研究内容包括:(1)建立了流量补偿—缓冲气罐控制回路方案的数学模型;(2)建立了流量补偿—缓冲气罐控制回路的仿真模型,其中压力控制方案仿真出的稳压元件出口压力曲线可以为流量补偿时间的确定提供依据;(3)针对流量补偿—缓冲气罐控制回路,对采用不同的方案时稳压元件出口压力进行了试验研究。研究表明,所提出的流量补偿—缓冲气罐控制回路,能使稳压元件出口压力的相对变化率由原来的22.5%下降到4%,气缸平均速度也提高了27.1%,保证了气缸的高速运动平稳性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The pneumatic automatic system is one of the main methods to realize transmission and control. The pneumatic control circuit, which is consisted of the pressure regulator component, the direction valve and the cylinder, is the most commonly used circuit in the industrial automation. In the applications, where the devices need to run in high speed to push a load, the cylinder with big diameter is needed. Therefore, how to stabilize the input pressure of the cylinder by improving the control circuit is become critical in assuring the normal movement of the devices. To meet this actual requirement, by studying the regular rule of the pressure about the pressure regulator, an economical and effective pneumatic control circuit is studied to maintain the stable movement of the cylinder in high speed in the paper. The research of the paper will be practical and applicable in the control of the stable movement in high speed about the cylinder with heavy load.In the paper, a control circuit which is called "the flow compensation adds buffer tank" is proposed. In the circuit, an electromagnetic valve is connected in parallel to the pressure regulator. The switch of the valve can realize the flow compensation, and at the same time, a buffer tank is add between the direction valve and the regulator. The related theoretical and experimental research is then conducted in the paper. The main researches include: (1) the mathematical model of "the flow compensation adds buffer tank" is builded; (2) the simulation model of "the flow compensation adds buffer tank" is then studied. The output pressure curve of the pressure regulator by simulation in the pressure scheme can be a reference for the setting of the flow compensation time; (3) according to the different schemes, the experimental study about the control loop of "the flow compensation adds buffer tank" is conducted.The results showed that, by applying "the flow compensation adds buffer tank" control circuit, the outlet pressure declined from the original 22.5 % to 4 %, and the average speed of the cylinder increased 27.1 %. So the stable movement of the cylinder in high is ensured.更多还原