基于智能控制技术的铅酸蓄电池充电设备的研究

【作者】 赵键；

【导师】 周严；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 蓄电池的智能充电技术是蓄电池行业广泛关注的课题,是影响充电质量及电池寿命的关键因素之一,相关技术的研究具有很高的实用价值。本文针对铅酸蓄电池的大容量智能充电技术开展研究工作,主要包括蓄电池充电方法比较选择,充电过程控制算法的研究以及充电装置的设计。论文在对蓄电池快速充电原理和各种充电方法比较研究的基础上,提出了具有正负零脉冲的三阶段恒流快速充电的方案,理论分析和实验数据证明,这种充电方法能够大大缩短充电时间,提高充电效率。在充电电源的设计中,采用了高频开关电源技术,主电路由三相整流电路、移相控制ZVS PWM DC/DC全桥变换电路和放电去极化电路组成。功率开关管选用IGBT,驱动电路选用EXB841模块;控制环节则以AT89C52单片机及移相谐振全桥软开关控制器UC3875为核心。这种电源结构,能够有效地提高系统的工作频率,减小开关损耗。蓄电池充电控制技术是智能充电装置的核心技术,本文采用了电池电压控制、定时控制和电池温度控制的综合控制法。根据铅酸蓄电池所固有的特点,应用模糊自适应控制理论,设计了模糊自适应PID控制器,达到了通过先进算法控制充电装置输出的目的,实现了蓄电池的智能化恒流充电和恒压充电。更多还原

【Abstract】 The intelligent charging technique is a subject which has been concerned widely in the industry of battery, and it is one of the key factors which affect the charging quality and battery life, the research of related technique has high practical value. This paper concentrates efforts on studying high-capacity intelligent charging technique for lead-acid batteries, mainly include the comparison and selection of the charging methods, the research of charging algorithm and the design of charging system.Based on the analysis of the fast charging theory and the investigation of many charging methods, a three-stage constant-current charging method with obverse-reverse-zero pulse was put forward. The theory and the tests indicated that by application of the charge strategy, the charging period was reduced largely and the charging efficiency was raised.Ground on the HF SPS (High-Frequency Switching Power Supply),the charging system was designed which was composed of a three-phase rectifying cell, a phase-shifted zero-voltage-switching PWM DC/DC full-bridge cell and a discharging depolarization cell. In the DC/DC cell, IGBT was selected as the switch that was driven by EXB841 module. The charging control system was based on AT89C52, phase shift and resonance PWM controller UC3875.Using this construction of power supply, switching loss was much reduced and higher frequency could be gained.The charging control technique of battery is the core technique of the intelligent charging system. Based on the analysis of many charge-termination control methods, an integrated control method of battery charging is proposed, which integrates voltage control, timing control and battery temperature control. Aiming at the characteristics of lead-acid battery, the paper designed a PDD controller of self-adaptive fuzzy based on self-adaptive fuzzy control theory, using it could perform advanced control algorithm and output control, and realize constant-current charging and the constant-voltage charging.更多还原