【作者】 崔志坤；

【导师】 宋新南；

【作者基本信息】 江苏大学 ， 热能工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 加热过程是金属工件热处理、压力加工等工艺的重要组成部分,通常在各种工业炉窑中实现。目前广泛采用的加热过程监控方法,是用炉内特定点的温度——炉温来间接地表征工件的温度、概略地监控工件的加热速度、加热均匀性和终点温度。由于工件加热过程是一个受诸多因素影响的复杂过程,炉温与工件温度之间的关系很不确定。因此,这种概略的工件加热过程监控技术会带来一系列问题,从而影响金属工件加热的质量、效率和能源消耗量。为解决这些问题,本文提出一种金属工件加热过程在线仿真与监控优化技术,以在线检测的金属工件表面温度作为边界条件在线仿真工件内部温度场,以温度场推断工件的相组织场和热应力场,并且以相组织场在线监控工件的加热终点,以热应力场在线监控工件加热速度。本研究以材质为45~#钢的长圆柱状工件为研究对象,通过数理分析建立了金属工件加热过程在线仿真监控的温度场、相组织场和热应力场耦合数学模型,采用有限差分技术对工件加热过程参数进行了数值离散,并且采用MATLAB7.4软件编制计算程序进行数值求解和动态监控界面设计,初步实现了长圆柱状金属工件加热过程温度场、相组织场和热应力场的在线仿真监控系统程序设计。在此基础上,通过设计试验方案,实际搭建了由被加热工件、电阻加热炉、温度传感器、温度信号采集仪和微型计算机组成的试验平台,将该系统实际应用于工件加热过程的工艺监控,并且对于在线仿真监控技术下的工件加热工艺效果与传统监控技术下的工件加热工艺效果进行了比较分析,证明本研究提出的金属工件加热过程在线仿真监控系统具有加热效果好、加热效率高和加热能耗低的显著特点,具有较大的技术进步作用、应用价值和推广前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 The heating process of metallic work is an important part of many technologies such as heat treatment, pressure process and so on. The heating process is usually realized in various industrial furnaces. At present the supervisory control method of heating process widely used is that, the specified point temperature in furnace—furnace temperature is used to be taken as metallic work’s temperature indirectly, to roughly monitor and control the heating rate ,uniformity and terminal temperature. Because the heating process is influenced by many complex factors, relations between the furnace temperature and metallic work’s temperature are very indefinite. Therefore, this kind of roughly monitoring technology will bring series of questions, thus influence heating quality, efficiency and energy consumption.In order to solve this problem, this article proposed the technology of online simulation and supervisory control of heating process of metallic work. It uses metallic work’s surface temperature as the boundary condition to simulate the interior temperature field of metallic work, by which it can infer the microstructure and stress field. It uses phase structure field to monitor and control the terminal temperature, and uses stress field to monitor and control the heating rate online.This article takes the 45~# steel cylinder work as the object of study, establishes the mathematical model of online simulation and supervisory control of heating process, which is discreted by finite different method, and carried on the solution operation with the MATLAB7.4 software coding.Based on this, this article designs the experiment scheme, and actually builds experiment platform which is composed of metallic work, electric resistance mill furnace, the temperature sensor, temperature signal collect instrument and microcomputer. And this system is applied in the actual heating process to monitor and control the heating technology. At the same time, comparing the heating technology under the online simulation and supervisory control technology with the traditional one , the result proves that the former one’s heating effect is better than the latter’s, the former one’s efficiency is higher and the former one’s energy consumption is lower. This technology have larger technological progress effect, application value and popularization prospect.更多还原