旅游专业职高生语文口语教学研究

【作者】 张震芳；

【导师】 朱崇才；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 学科教学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 培养学生的语用能力是中职语文教学的核心任务。作为服务行业主力军的旅游专业的职高生,良好的口语表达能力已成为决定其就业、生存发展、实现人生目标的关键条件之一。但长期以来,由于因袭了普教“学科本位、知识本位、教师本位”的旧模式,中职语文教学与旅游专业学生的实际语文能力和未来职业发展相脱节,导致相当一部分学生因口语能力低下而失去就业、发展的机会。如何有针对性地探索一条道路,科学、有序、高效地组织好口语教学,便成了我们必须面对的课题。本文根据加涅的学习理论,提出口语交际学习的本质是知识、动作技能、智慧技能、认知策略和态度等方面的学习。口语交际教学的内涵是在教师指导下,通过具体交际情境的创设和口语交际活动的开展,规范和发展学生语言、培养学生包括听说能力在内的口语交际能力和文明交际素养的一种教学过程。它的特点是情境性、实践性、功能性、个性化并以文化素养为基石。笔者在调查分析了现阶段旅游专业口语教与学的现状基础上,根据旅游专业学生将来工作需要构建了口语训练原则、目标要求和内容体系,提出了旅游专业口语训练校本教材的建设并在附录附上校本教材。借鉴了美国和德国的口语训练方法,提出“示范模仿”、“观摩”、“点评”、“分组”、“竞赛活动”等训练方法,对旅游专业口语教学实践有一定的借鉴意义。更有价值的是笔者在近一年的口语教学改革尝试中,借鉴了任务型语言教学模式构建了自己实用的口语教学模式,以自己的一节《导游讲解》口语训练课为案例,详细地介绍了任务型语言教学模式的操作过程。提出了口语训练应注重形成性评价,设计了评价量表,举例说明,使大家对评价的操作有更清楚的了解。笔者还对经过一年口语训练的旅游班学生从心理素质、语言储备、表达能力、人际交往、思维水平、人格修养等方面进行问卷调查和访谈,让大家切实地体会到口语训练课所取得的成效和今后努力的方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Train student’s Chinese the core mission applying an ability to be secondary vocational schools Chinese teaching. The tall life of duty , fine spoken language as service trades main force tour special field express an ability already becoming decision it’s one of the key condition developing , attaining life’s objectives obtaining employment , existing. Have followed but the old pattern teaching "discipline one’s own post, knowledge one’s own post , teacher one’s own post " universally , since a long time , the actual Chinese ability and future occupation being hit by duty Chinese teaching and the special field student who tours have been developed being out of joint each other , have led to the part of student suitable lose the chance obtaining employment , developing because spoken language ability bends. How to have the pertinency field to probe one road , science , have problem order , the high-effect field must face as having finished organizing spoken language teaching , having just having become us.The main body of a book is studied according to Jianie’s aspect’s such as technical ability , wisdom technical ability , cognition tactics and attitude studying theory , suggesting that the nature that spoken language social intercourse studies is knowledge , action. Spoken language social intercourse teaching connotation is guided by teacher , the norm and the student who develops student language, cultivates include one kind of teaching process hearing of the inclusive ability spoken language social intercourse ability and civilized social intercourse accomplishment by concrete social intercourse circumstances be created by and flexible spoken language social intercourse be carried out. Its characteristic is that circumstances , practicality , functionality, Individuation and accomplishment is foundation stone with culture. On author current situation having analysed the present stage tour special field spoken language religion and having learned in investigation basis, according to the special field student who tours, the job with the future needs the teaching material training school our teaching material construction and enclosing herewith school our in the appendix to have structured spoken language training principle , target request and content system , have brought forward the special field spoken language touring. Have used USA and German spoken language for reference training method , have suggested that set an example copying、inspect and learn from each other’s work judge、being divided into group、being contesting with using personal influence and so on trains method, teaching practice has certain draw lessons meaning to the special field spoken language touring. Having value more has been that the author attempts middle in simple spoken language for 1 year educational reform , has used the mission type language teaching pattern for reference having structured self pragmatic spoken language teaching pattern , has taken that self a lesson the tourist guide explains that spoken language trains class as case , has introduced pattern operation process of mission type language teaching detailedly. Have suggested that spoken language training should attach importance to the valuation forming nature , have designed that appraising scale , citing an example by way of explanation, makes everybody have clearer acquaintance to the operation estimating that. Author face to face through 1 year spoken language train tour shift student secondary psychological quality, language reserve, express ability, human communication, thought level, personality accomplishment and so on aspect be in progress questionnaire on inquiry and interview, make everybody practical field understanding arrive at spoken language train effect got by class and the days to come effort direction.更多还原