苏北阜宁县小学教育资源配置状况的调查与分析

【作者】 王平；

【导师】 叶忠；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 教育管理， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 均衡发展,在一般的意义上来说,它是事实状态的一种描述,从它的价值上说,它体现了一种追求平等和公平的思想,从社会政策的角度说,它是一种资源配置的原则。如果把均衡作为一个目标,它不应该是绝对的平均,它是一种有差异的和谐。如果把均衡作为一个原则,它指的是社会政策的对象获得大体相当的机会和对待,并通过建立补偿机制,对弱势人群提供救济,以期求得整体均衡。教育均衡发展的核心是资源配置,资源配置的均衡是义务教育均衡发展的基础。本文选取苏北农村阜宁县作为调查分析的对象,对该县义务教育阶段的城、镇、村三级小学的教育资源配置进行了抽样调查。调查中发现该县财力薄弱,义务教育供给不足,教育经费匮乏,教育资源配置极不均衡,尤其人力资源即师资力量和教学配套专用房配置不均明显,导致学校之间在在经费投入、师资队伍、生源等显性差异和社会影响、外在环境等隐性差异方面表现突出,广大农村学校儿童的义务教育权利未得到充分保障。阜宁县义务教育阶段小学教育资源配置不均衡的主要原因是社会经济发展水平低下和义务教育管理体制、财政投入政策的偏差,短缺的教育资源过分集中于县城和乡镇中心小学,广大乡村小学面临生存性危机,使县域内的义务教育发展表现为明显的不均衡。这种不均衡破坏了社会公正,影响了学校的管理,造成了择校现象禁而不止,教学秩序混乱,影响了教学效率的提高、素质教育的实施、培养目标的实现。一样孩子不一样学校,社会呼唤公平教育。要实现教育的公平,使苏北县域内义务教育教育均衡发展,首要的是均衡配置义务教育阶段小学教育资源。首先要以全面、协调、可持续发展的科学发展观为指导,树立义务教育均衡发展理念,将有限的教育资源相对平等地分配到每一所学校,主要措施是强化县级政府责任,确定相关教育资源均衡配置策略的价值取向,建立相关教育资源均衡配置的机制,对现有的教育配置体制进行改革,统筹城乡教育发展,整合县域内优质教育资源,使教育投入、师资分配、办学条件在县域内义务教育阶段学校间达到均衡。让尽可能多的农村儿童接受尽可能好的教育,提高经济落后地区人口素质,实现苏北县域农村地区经济、社会良性发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Generally speaking, balance development is some description of the state of things. By its value, balance embodies the pursuit of the idea of equity and justice. In point of social policy, it is the principle of the allocation of resources. If we regard the balance as an objective it should not be the absolute evenness, but some harmony with difference; if we regard it as a principle, it means the object of social policy owns equivalent chance and treatment and by the establishment of mechanism of compensation, the vulnerable is able to acquire the relief. The core of balance education is resource distribution. The balance of resource distribution is the base of balance developing of compulsory education.The author chooses the country of Fu Ning as the object of research. Fu Ning is in the north of the Jang Su province. The author makes a investigation about how to distribute the education resource in compulsory education in city, town, and countryside. In this investigation, the author find countryside’s economy is weak, and the supply of the education is in lack, the outlay of education is in lack. The education resource is distributed imbalanced. Especially, It’ s not evidence in collocation about human resource and teach layout house. This conduce the difference of the social influence in outlay investing, teacher’ s force and student. The right of children not be enough protected in compulsory education.The main reason of the education resource imbalance in compulsory education of Fu Ning is that economic of developing, administration system of compulsory education and investment policy is poor. The shortage of education resource distributing mostly exist in center grade school of town and countryside. But, the most of countryside school development is very bad. That conduct to the imbalance development in compulsory education. The imbalance of developing break the fair of social. It influences the administration of school, that lead to people select school and that make a chaos school in order. All of this will influence boosting efficiency of teaching, development diathesis of education and making the aim of teaching. Children study in the different school that condition likes sex to one. The social need equal education.If we want to make a equally education and make a balance development of education in compulsory education, we must distribute the education resource equally in primary school of compulsory education. First, we must insist scientific development and make the developing omnipotence, harmonize and continuing. We should have a consciousness of sustainable development, and distribute the limited education resource to every school equally. The main measure is to emphasize the duty of the county government and set up a mechanism of education resource distribution and make a value of policy in education resource distributing. That’s all, we should make a reform in education system and develop education in the city and countryside in-phase. Uniting the high quality education resource in town to make education invest, distributing teacher and education condition achieve imbalance in school of compulsory education. We should make as many children as possible to accept a high quality education. Through this measure, it will improve the diathesis of population in developed place and realize the economic and social develop healthy in country of Su Bei.更多还原