中学地理有效教学影响要素分析及策略研究

【作者】 李雅婕；

【导师】 刘树凤；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 有效教学是在西方“教育科学化”思潮的影响下提出的一种现代教学理念,其核心在于通过教师积极主导,激发学生主动学习,从而将师生从大量的重复学习、机械学习中解放出来,促进学生全面持续发展。在当前地理新课程改革不断深化的背景下,将有效教学理念与中学地理教学实践相结合,明确地理有效教学内涵,发展符合地理学科特点和地理学习规律的地理有效教学理论,无论对于有效教学理论与地理学科教学论的发展,还是对于地理教师与学生自我完善及发展都具有重要意义。本文运用文献分析、理论研究和案例观察等方法,从有效教学的基础理念出发,从中学地理教学的新视角提出地理有效教学的内涵,即地理教师按照课程标准的要求,从学生学习特点和地理学科特点出发,在规定的时间内,通过有效的教学行为,发挥教学中的主导作用,创设平等融洽的师生互动关系,引导学生主动学习地理,最终使全体学生达到地理课程标准的基本要求,实现学生地理认知、能力和情感态度全面发展的教学活动。同时,从外部环境、学生心理、教师教学行为三个维度对影响中学地理有效教学实施的基本要素进行分析,并通过对具体地理教学案例的比较分析,提出地理教师在教学过程中应遵循“激发兴趣和动机—维持注意力—学习策略指导—评价与反馈”的基本策略,从而促进学生的有效学习,实现中学地理有效教学。更多还原

【Abstract】 "Effective teaching" has been brought up as one of the modern teaching theories, which influenced by the thoughts of Occidental Educational Scientification. Its essential is, through teachers’ affirmative assistance, inspiring students’ determination to study on their own initiative. Thus, it helps to release both teachers and students from repeated and mechanical studying and therefore, facilitating student’s comprehensive sustaining development.Currently, based on the continuous process of the curriculum reform of geography, it is significant that to syncretize theories of effective teaching with geography teaching in high school, to definitize the meaning of geography effective teaching, and also to develop the theory of geography effective teaching according to characters of the geography science and the geography study rule. Furthermore, all of those would be regarded as very important factors that can effectively develop teaching theory and geography-focused teaching theory, as well as to positively consummate teachers and students themselvesIn this study, combining with explanations of foundations of effective teaching theory and geography teaching practice in middle school, the author therefore brings up a specific meaning of effective teaching geography. It also means that, following requirements of geography course criteria and the characteristics of student’s study and the geography subject, a teacher can take advantage of effective teaching activities within a specified period, in order to play a determinant role in teaching, to create a fair and harmonized interaction, and to conduct studying on students’ own initiative. Consequently, most of students can reach basic criteria of geographical course, and also successfully implement such a teaching activity that can achieve their comprehensive development which aimed at perceive of geography, capacity and emotional attitude.Also, combining with current situations and problems in implementation of geography effective teaching, the author analyzes some fundamental factors which under the background of new course, impacting on geography effective teaching implementation in middle school. Particularly, this analysis focuses on three dimensions: external environment, students’ psychology, teachers’ teaching behavior. Furthermore, it points out that geographic teachers should adopt a basic strategy of "inspiring interest and motivation—maintaining attention instructing the learning strategy—evaluating, reflecting and intensifying ".Therefore, it can promote studying effectiveness, as well as achieve effective geographic teaching in middleschool.更多还原