【作者】 赵东瑾；

【导师】 程斌；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 材料学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 作为尼龙类工程塑料中消耗量最大的尼龙66具有强度高、刚性大、耐溶剂和使用温度范围广(-40～100℃)等优点,广泛地用于汽车制造、机械设备、电子电器、医疗器械和精密仪器等领域。但尼龙66也有不足之处,即低温和干态冲击强度低,吸水性强等。因此,通过改性,实现尼龙66的高性能化与功能化,进而促进相关行业的产品向高性能、高质量方向发展,具有重要的实际意义。本文利用马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯-辛烯弹性体(POE-MAH)合成了带有POE长链的大分子二胺(POE-DHMA),并且用POE-DHMA作为尼龙66的单体代替部分己二胺(HMDA)制备新型尼龙66。由于POE-MAH中马来酸酐的接枝率很低(＜0.9%),将其二胺化后难以进行结构表征。因此,本文采用聚异丁烯丁二酸酐(PIBSA)作为POE-MAH的模型,研究了PIBSA中丁二酸酐与HMDA反应的条件,以红外光谱表征产物结构。实验结果表明,当PIBSA与HMDA的摩尔比为1∶2,温度为60℃时,所得产物是带有聚异丁烯长链的大分子二胺。利用PIBSA与HMDA反应所得规律,合成POE-DHMA,并用于制备新型尼龙66。利用差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、场发射扫描电镜(SEM),机械动态力学分析(DMTA)等测试手段对新型尼龙66的结构和性能进行了分析。结果表明,SEM照片中,原位形成的POE颗粒与尼龙66基体结合紧密,并且在用二甲苯刻蚀后,POE颗粒依然存在,说明POE弹性体聚合到尼龙66基体中。更多还原

【Abstract】 As one of nylon engineering plastics, nylon 66 has the largest wastage. Nylon 66 has many excellent features, such as good intensity, high rigidity, solvent-resistance, wide temperature rage for usage(-40～100℃), et al. It is widely applied in the fields of car manufacture, mechanical apparatus, electrical wiring, medical appliance and fine instrument. But nylon 66 also has some poor performances such as insufficient in the Izod notched impact strength at low temperature and dry form, high water absorption and so on. So it has practical significance to achieve better properties and multi-functional nylon 66 products by modification.Polyethylene-octane (POE) bearing an two primary amine groups (abbreviate as POE-DHMA) was prepared through a reaction of anhydride -functionalized POE (POE-MAH) with hexamethylenediamine (HMDA). A novel Nylon66 was prepared with the POE-DHMA as a macromere to replace some HMDA.As the graft ratio of maleic anhydride (MAH) in POE-MAH is very low (less than 0.9%), it was difficult to analysis the product after the reaction of POE-MAH and HMDA by ordinary analyzing methods. So Polyisobutene succinic anhydride (PIBSA) was chosen as a model in order to study the rules of the reaction happened between polymer-g-MAH and HMDA under varied conditions. Then Infrar-red spectrometry (FTIR) was used to characteristic the different products. It was proved that, when PIBSA:HMDA=1:2, and the temperature controlled at 60℃, macrodiamine that with a PIB long chain can be got.Thus POE-DHMA could be got by means of the rules mentioned above. At last, use it to synthesis the new PA66. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), dynamic mechanical thermal analyses (DMTA) and scanning electronic microscope (SEM) were used to investigate the microcosmic structure and the related properties of this new type PA66. The final study shown that, POE particles were combined with PA66 tightly, and they are still exist after eroding by xylene in the SEM photos, which indicated that POE elastomer were polymerized in-situ in the PA66 system.更多还原