【作者】 武懂涛；

【导师】 祁欣；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 凝聚态物理， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 传感器是测量仪表、智能化仪表、自动控制系统、计算机信息输入装置中的重要元件,是“一切信息的触觉”。随着传感器技术的发展,除了早期使用的材料,如:半导体材料、陶瓷材料以外,人们进一步探索具有新效应的敏感功能材料,并以此研制具有新原理的新型传感器。压磁传感器以磁致伸缩原理为基础,以其输出功率大、信号强、结构简单、抗干扰性能好、过载能力强等优点成为近几年来国内外传感器研究的热点。进而,研发和制备用于压磁传感器的压磁材料就成为了实现压磁传感器的关键。本文以研发适合压磁传感器应用的大磁致伸缩压磁材料为目的,进行了包括磁致伸缩产生机制理论、压磁材料的成分设计、压磁材料制备方法和压磁材料性能表征在内的一系列研究。主要工作如下:深入研究了铁氧体铁磁材料磁致伸缩的产生机制,以求从根源上改善其磁致伸缩性能。研究了尖晶石铁氧体的晶体结构以及金属离子在其中的分布规律,向铁氧体中掺入金属离子来改善铁氧体磁学性能。理论研究表明,尖晶石铁氧体的磁学性能主要来源于未抵消的A-B超交换作用,据此经过严密的论证,得出向CoFe₂O₄铁氧体中掺入适当的Mn²⁺离子有助于提高其磁致伸缩性能。采用层状前体法制备了Cp_1-xMn_xFe₂O₄系列铁氧体压磁材料,研究了具体的制备工艺及流程,得到了成分单一,结构稳定,晶相完整,颗粒均匀的焙烧样品。表征了所制备的Co_1-xMn_xFe₂O₄系列铁氧体压磁材料的比饱和磁化强度、矫顽力和磁致伸缩系数,并与传统的制备方法做了对比,用实验证明了层状前体法的优越性。实验得出当x=0.1时,Co_1-xMn_xFe₂O₄系列铁氧体压磁材料能够获得较高的比饱和磁化强度（72.63emu/g）、磁致伸缩常数（122ppm）和较低的矫顽力（61KA/m）。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sensors considered as "the feeling of all the information" are the important components of measuring instruments,intelligent instruments, automatic control systems,computer information input devices.Along with the development of sensor technology,in addition to early used materials,such as:semiconductor materials,ceramic materials,people further explore the sensitive function material and the development of this new principle of a new type of sensor.Piezomagnetic sensor based on the principle of its output power, signal strength,simple structure,and anti-jamming performance,and good large load become a sensor research hotspot at home and abroad in recent years.Furthermore,research and development and preparation for piezomagnetic sensor magnetic material become the key technology of the realization of piezomagnetic sensor.In order to research large magnetostrictive materials for the application in piezomagnetic sensors,a series of studies were carried out including the theory of magnetostrictive mechanism,the composition design of large magnetostrictive materials,the preparation and properties characterization piezomagnetic materials.The main work includes the following: The generation mechanism of ferrite magnetostrictive materials was studied in depth,in order to improve the magnetostrictive property of ferrite from root.The crystal structures of spinel ferrite and distribution rule of metal ions in the structure were studied,then,through adding metal ions into ferrite to improve the magnetostrictive property of ferrite.The theory research indicates the magnetic properties of spinel ferrite mainly come from un-offset A-B super exchange.Base on this theory,we educed that adding properly Mn²⁺ions to CoFe₂O₄ spinel ferrite was useful to improve its magnetostrictive property.We prepared Co_1-xMn_xFe₂O₄ series ferrite magnetic materials by using layered precursors method;researched on the specific processes of layered precursors preparation method;got some calcined samples with components of a single, structure stable,and phase integrity,uniform particles calcined samples.The saturation magnetization,coercivity and magnetostfiction coefficient of the Co_1-xMn_xFe₂O₄ series ferrite magnetic materials were characterized.Layered precursors preparation method and the traditional preparation methods were compared with experimental data to further prove the superiority of the layered precursor method.According to the experiment,when x=0.1, Co_1-xMn_xFe₂O₄ series ferrite magnetic materials could be higher in saturation magnetization（72.63emu/g）and magnetostriction constant（122ppm）and lower in coercivity（61KA/m）.更多还原